INDEX

The Death Penalty for Drug Offences: Global Overview 2024 report provides updates on legislative, policy and practical developments related to the use of capital punishment for drug offences, a practice which is a clear violation of international human rights and drug control standards. This report presents an analysis of key developments, with a focus on analysing and disseminating available figures and trends on drug-related executions and death sentences.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list China / Democratic People's Republic of Korea / Indonesia / Iran (Islamic Republic of) / Iraq / Malaysia / Pakistan / Saudi Arabia / Singapore / Viet Nam
• Themes list Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment and Punishment / Drug Offenses / Fair Trial / Gender / Legal Representation / Moratorium / Trend Towards Abolition / Women
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The report highlights ongoing human rights violations resulting from the controversial Operation ‘Ndobo’. This operation, aimed at combating urban gangs, has resulted in mass arrests, arbitrary convictions, and severe conditions for vulnerable youth, with urgent action needed to prevent extrajudicial executions.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list Democratic Republic of the Congo
• Themes list Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment and Punishment / Death Row Conditions / Fair Trial / Juveniles / Legal Representation / Moratorium / Terrorism
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The Report provides an in-depth analysis of death penalty trends in Iran 2024. It covers execution statistics, legislative frameworks, and the abolitionist movement, offering insights on how the international community can help reduce executions.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list Iran (Islamic Republic of)
• Themes list Clemency / Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment and Punishment / Drug Offenses / Fair Trial / Gender / Intellectual Disability / Juveniles / Legal Representation / Mental Illness / Murder Victims' Families / Women
• Available languages گزارش سالانه اعدام در ایران؛ ۲۰۲۴Rapport annuel sur la peine de mort en Iran

The report sheds light on the Assad regime’s use of the death penalty as an instrument of political repression from the outbreak of the popular uprising in 2011 up until the Assad regime’s downfall on December 8, 2024. In pursuit of this policy, the death penalty was no longer restricted to criminal offenses but became a tool used by the Assad regime to terrorize society, consolidate the regime’s security grip, and eliminate dissidents without fair trials.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list Syrian Arab Republic
• Themes list Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment and Punishment / Fair Trial / Juveniles / Mental Illness / Terrorism
• Available languages عقوبــــــــة اإلعـــــــدام فـــــــي القــــــوانيــــــنالسوريـــــــــة واستغـــــــالها مـــــن قبــــــلنظام األســـد للقضاء على معارضيه

This annual publication presents changes in the death row population as well as political and legal developments in the administration of the death penalty in India each year. The statistics are compiled through a combination of data mining of court websites, media monitoring and Right to Information applications.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list India
• Themes list Death Row Conditions / Fair Trial / Moratorium
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ECPM’s new guide provides NHRIs and NPMs with practical tools for assessing the conditions of detention of death row prisoners, emphasizing international human rights standards.

• Document type NGO report
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• Themes list Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment and Punishment / Death Row Conditions / Fair Trial / Gender / Juveniles / Legal Representation / Women
• Available languages Monitoring des conditions de détention des personnes condamnées à mort : Guide pratique des INDH et MNP

The Death Penalty in 2024 report highlights critical trends in capital punishment: death sentences and executions remain near historic lows, public support continues to decline, and over 200 exonerations have now been documented. Landmark events include President Biden commuting the death sentences of 37 men on federal death row, Alabama’s unprecedented use of nitrogen gas for executions, and increased attention to innocence in high-profile cases like Melissa Lucio and Richard Glossip. The report also underscores growing global criticism of the death penalty, as 130 countries backed a UN resolution for a moratorium.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list United States
• Themes list Clemency / Innocence / Public Opinion / Trend Towards Abolition
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This comprehensive report by Iran Human Rights (IHRNGO) explores the gendered dimensions of the death penalty in Iran, highlighting systemic inequalities, discriminatory laws, and societal factors that disproportionately affect women on death row. Between 2010 and 2024, at least 241 women were executed, with only 26% of cases officially reported. Many were sentenced under circumstances marked by domestic violence, coerced confessions, or lack of legal representation. The report underscores the urgent need for international advocacy to address these injustices and promote gender equality in Iran’s judicial system.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list Iran (Islamic Republic of)
• Themes list Death Row Conditions / Gender / Women
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The European Saudi Organization for Human Rights (ESOHR) reports an alarming escalation in executions in Saudi Arabia in 2024, marking a historic high with 345 individuals executed—double the number from 2023. This report highlights the extensive use of the death penalty, with executions for drug-related offenses, political charges, and discretionary judgments (Taazir) significantly increasing. The grim statistics reveal a judicial system fraught with human rights violations, including torture, lack of legal defense, and the execution of minors and women. Amid international criticism, Saudi Arabia’s use of the death penalty underscores a blatant disregard for justice and human dignity, perpetuating fear and repression while pursuing an international image of progressiveness.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list Saudi Arabia
• Themes list Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment and Punishment / Drug Offenses / Juveniles
• Available languages عهد الدم: رقم تاريخي للإعدام في السعودية ٢٠٢٤

This report examines important developments regarding the death penalty in Texas in 2024, highlighting cases of individuals convicted despite evidence of innocence, racial and geographic disparities, and issues related to lethal injections.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list United States
• Themes list Clemency / Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment and Punishment / Death Row Conditions / Fair Trial / Innocence / Intellectual Disability / Legal Representation / Mental Illness / Moratorium / Trend Towards Abolition
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