科索沃

Literature on opposition to the death penalty typically characterizes abolition as inexorable and attributes its fulfillment to the age of human rights. Although most countries abolished capital punishment after the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948, this article uses three comparative case studies to demonstrate abolition’s entanglement with a broader range of political, legal, and cultural factors. Applying a historically grounded nonteleological approach, we offer three insights. First, civilizationist values drove abolitionism in countries in the “vanguard,” such as Canada and England/Wales, where human rights rationales were expressed well after abolition and as a mark of superiority. Second, death penalty abolition has often allied with decolonization and penal reform, but assertions of independence and sovereignty have periodically provoked reinstatement, as in Mexican and Philippine history, which underscores the fragility of abolition. Third, state-centric approaches to de jure and de facto abolition overlook the practice of extrajudicial and summary “rebel” executions in polities such as Myanmar and Mali, which lack a state monopoly on force. Further historical studies that do not presuppose a human rights explanation of abolition and that compare jurisdictions within as well as between the Global North and South will better grasp the death penalty’s complex history.

• Document type Academic Article
• Countries list Canada / Mali / Mexico / Myanmar / Philippines / United Kingdom
• Themes list Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment and Punishment / Trend Towards Abolition

Project 39A has launched Capital Letters from death row India, a unique digital exhibition curated by reFrame. Featuring letters, artwork, audio recordings, and photographs created by prisoners on death row, the exhibition offers a deeply humanizing look into their lived experiences. Through eight thematic sections, visitors can explore the complex realities of life on death row and engage with stories of hope, trauma, and resilience.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list India
• Themes list Death Row Conditions 

يقدم هذا التقرير معلومات عن تنفيذ ق ا رر الجمعية العامة 77 / 222 ، بما يشم الت و ا رت بش
إلغاع عقو ة امعدام ووقل العم بعقو ة امعدامر ويبرت التقرير ائتجاهات العا دة العم بعقو ة
امعدام، بما ذلك ت بيق المعايير الدولية المتصلة بحماية نقوق من يواجاو عقو ة امعدامر ويتناول
أيضا روت انتجات الأ ناي الذين ينت رو رواق المحكوم عليام بامعدام، وت بيق عقو ة امعدام
على الرعايا الأجانب، وت بيقاا على النعاع بشك مفرز وقا م على التمييز، وت لأيرها المفرز على الأ ا ر
الفق ا رع أو الذين يعيشو رو ا اقتصا ية هشة، والعم تاا بشك تمييزا ذد الأ ناي الذين يمار و
نقوق امنعا الواجبة لام، ومنتلل المبا ا رت ال ا رمية إلى المض قدمائ إلغا اار ويرنب الأمين العام
التقرير بالتقدم المحرت نحو إلغاع العقو ة على الصعيد العالم الدول الت تم منتلل الن م
القانونية والتقاليد وال قا ات والنلصيات الدينية، وينل التقرير إلى أ جمي التداتير ال ا رمية إلى الحد
من ت بيق عقو ة امعدام تشك تقدمائ نماية الحق الحياةر

• Document type القانون الدولي - الأمم المتحدة
• Themes list Moratorium
• Available languages 2024 Report of the Secretary-General - Moratorium on the use of the death penaltyInforme del Secretario General 2024 - Moratoria sobre el uso de la pena de muerte2024 Rapport du Secrétaire général - Moratoire sur l’application de la peine de mort2024 Доклад Генерального секретаря - Мораторий на смертную казнь2024年秘书长报告 - 暂停使用死刑

В настоящем докладе содержится информация об осуществлении резолюции 77/222 Генеральной Ассамблеи, в том числе о событиях, связанных с отменой смертной казни и введением моратория на исполнение смертных приговоров. В нем освещаются тенденции в применении смертной казни, включая применение международных стандартов, касающихся защиты прав лиц, которым грозит смертная казнь. В докладе обсуждаются такие вопросы, как условия содержания лиц, приговоренных к смертной казни, применение смертной казни в отношении иностранных граждан, ее несоразмерное и дискриминационное применение в отношении женщин, ее несоразмерное воздействие на малообеспеченных и экономически незащищенных лиц, ее дискриминационное применение в отношении лиц, отстаивающих свои права человека, а также освещаются различные инициативы, направленные на содействие ее отмене. В докладе Генеральный секретарь приветствует прогресс на пути к всеобщей отмене смертной казни, достигнутый в государствах с различными правовыми системами, традициями, культурами и религиозными особенностями и делает вывод о том, что все меры, направленные на ограничение применения смертной казни, представляют собой прогресс в деле защиты права на жизнь.

• Document type Доклад Организации Объединенных Наций
• Themes list Moratorium
• Available languages 2024 تقرير الأمين العام - وقف العمل عقوبة الإعدام2024 Report of the Secretary-General - Moratorium on the use of the death penaltyInforme del Secretario General 2024 - Moratoria sobre el uso de la pena de muerte2024 Rapport du Secrétaire général - Moratoire sur l’application de la peine de mort2024年秘书长报告 - 暂停使用死刑

本报告介绍了大会第 77/222 号决议的执行情况，包括在废除死刑和暂停执行死刑方面的进展情况。报告着重介绍了使用死刑的趋势，包括适用保护死刑犯权利的国际标准的情况。报告还讨论了死刑犯羁押条件、对外国国民适用死刑、歧视性地对妇女过度适用死刑、死刑对穷人或经济脆弱个人的影响过大、歧视性地对行使其人权者使用死刑以及推进废除死刑的各项举措。秘书长在报告中欢迎代表不同法律制度、传统、文化和宗教背景的国家在普遍废除死刑方面取得的进展，并得出结论认为，所有限制适用死刑的措施都是在保护生命权方面取得的进展。

• Document type 联合国报告
• Themes list Moratorium
• Available languages 2024 تقرير الأمين العام - وقف العمل عقوبة الإعدام2024 Report of the Secretary-General - Moratorium on the use of the death penaltyInforme del Secretario General 2024 - Moratoria sobre el uso de la pena de muerte2024 Rapport du Secrétaire général - Moratoire sur l’application de la peine de mort2024 Доклад Генерального секретаря - Мораторий на смертную казнь

В настоящем докладе содержится информация об осуществлении резолюции 77/222 Генеральной Ассамблеи, в том числе о событиях, связанных с отменой смертной казни и введением моратория на исполнение смертных приговоров. В нем освещаются тенденции в применении смертной казни, включая применение международных стандартов, касающихся защиты прав лиц, которым грозит смертная казнь. В докладе обсуждаются такие вопросы, как условия содержания лиц, приговоренных к смертной казни, применение смертной казни в отношении иностранных граждан, ее несоразмерное и дискриминационное применение в отношении женщин, ее несоразмерное воздействие на малообеспеченных и экономически незащищенных лиц, ее дискриминационное применение в отношении лиц, отстаивающих свои права человека, а также освещаются различные инициативы, направленные на содействие ее отмене. В докладе Генеральный секретарь приветствует прогресс на пути к всеобщей отмене смертной казни, достигнутый в государствах с различными правовыми системами, традициями, культурами и религиозными особенностями и делает вывод о том, что все меры, направленные на ограничение применения смертной казни, представляют собой прогресс в деле защиты права на жизнь.

• Document type Доклад Организации Объединенных Наций
• Themes list Moratorium

El presente informe proporciona información sobre la aplicación de la resolución 77/222 de la Asamblea General, en particular sobre los avances logrados en aras de la abolición de la pena de muerte y el establecimiento de moratorias de las ejecuciones. Se ponen de relieve las tendencias en cuanto al uso de la pena de muerte, incluida la aplicación de las normas internacionales relativas a la protección de los derechos de las personas condenadas a muerte. Asimismo, se analizan cuestiones como las condiciones de detención de las personas que se encuentran en espera de ejecución, la aplicación de la pena de muerte a ciudadanos extranjeros, su uso desproporcionado y discriminatorio contra las mujeres, los desmesurados efectos que tiene en las personas pobres o económicamente vulnerables y su utilización discriminatoria contra las personas que ejercen sus derechos humanos, así como también diversas iniciativas destinadas a promover su abolición. En el informe, el Secretario General celebra los avances que se han logrado en pos de la abolición universal en Estados que representan diferentes sistemas jurídicos, tradiciones, culturas y orígenes religiosos, y concluye que todas las medidas que se adopten para limitar la aplicación de la pena de muerte constituyen un avance en la protección del derecho a la vida.

• Document type Informe de las Naciones Unidas
• Themes list Moratorium
• Available languages 2024 تقرير الأمين العام - وقف العمل عقوبة الإعدام2024 Report of the Secretary-General - Moratorium on the use of the death penalty2024 Rapport du Secrétaire général - Moratoire sur l’application de la peine de mort2024 Доклад Генерального секретаря - Мораторий на смертную казнь2024年秘书长报告 - 暂停使用死刑

Le présent rapport vient rendre compte de l’application de la résolution 77/222 de l’Assemblée générale, notamment de l’évolution dans le sens de l’abolition de la peine de mort et de l’institution de moratoires sur les exécutions, s’arrêtant sur les tendances touchant l’imposition de la peine de mort, y compris le respect des normes internationales garantissant la protection des droits des personnes encourant la peine de mort. Il s’intéresse également, entre autres questions, aux conditions de détention des personnes dans le couloir de la mort, à l’application de la peine de mort à des ressortissants étrangers, à son imposition disproportionnée et discriminatoire à des femmes, à son impact disproportionné sur des personnes pauvres et économiquement vulnérables, à son application discriminatoire à des personnes exerçant leurs droits humains et à diverses initiatives tendant à son abolition. Se félicitant de l’évolution constatée dans le sens de l’abolition universelle de la peine de mort dans des États représentant des systèmes juridiques, des traditions, des cultures et des contextes religieux différents, le Secrétaire général conclut que toutes mesures tendant à limiter l’application de la peine de mort concourent à la protection du droit à la vie.

• Document type Rapport des Nations Unies
• Themes list Moratorium
• Available languages 2024 تقرير الأمين العام - وقف العمل عقوبة الإعدام2024 Report of the Secretary-General - Moratorium on the use of the death penaltyInforme del Secretario General 2024 - Moratoria sobre el uso de la pena de muerte2024 Доклад Генерального секретаря - Мораторий на смертную казнь2024年秘书长报告 - 暂停使用死刑

The present report provides information on the implementation of General Assembly resolution 77/222, including on developments towards the abolition of the death penalty and the establishment of moratoriums on executions. Trends in the use of the death penalty, including the application of international standards relating to the protection of the rights of those facing the death penalty, are highlighted. Issues such as conditions of detention for persons on death row, the application of the death penalty to foreign nationals, its disproportionate and discriminatory application to women, its disproportionate impact on poor and economically vulnerable individuals, its discriminatory use on persons exercising their human rights, and various initiatives for advancing its abolition are also discussed. In the report, the Secretary-General welcomes progress made towards universal abolition in States representing different legal systems, traditions, cultures and religious backgrounds and concludes that all measures towards limiting the application of the death penalty constitute progress in the protection of the right to life.

• Document type United Nations report
• Themes list Moratorium / Trend Towards Abolition
• Available languages 2024 تقرير الأمين العام - وقف العمل عقوبة الإعدامInforme del Secretario General 2024 - Moratoria sobre el uso de la pena de muerte2024 Rapport du Secrétaire général - Moratoire sur l’application de la peine de mort2024 Доклад Генерального секретаря - Мораторий на смертную казнь2024年秘书长报告 - 暂停使用死刑

Human Rights Watch highlights a dramatic increase in unlawful executions in Iraq in 2024. At least 50 men were executed in September, often without fair trials or prior notice to families. Reports reveal torture, inhumane detention conditions, and arbitrary practices. The organization calls for an immediate moratorium on the death penalty and urgent reforms to Iraq’s judicial and prison systems.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list Iraq

The Death Penalty Policy Project has published a comprehensive study analyzing over three decades of FBI homicide data. The findings reveal that U.S. states without the death penalty or with moratoria on executions are safer for both the public and police. By contrast, states actively carrying out executions rank among the least safe in the U.S. The study challenges long-held deterrence arguments and underscores the death penalty’s ineffectiveness as a public safety policy.

• Document type Arguments against the death penalty
• Countries list United States

FAQ (Foire aux questions) pour l’appel à propositions ouvert pour un soutien financier aux tiers du Consortium mondial pour l’abolition de la peine de mort

• Document type Array
• Available languages FAQ Open Call FSTP

FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) for the Open Call for proposals for Financial Support to Third Parties of the Global Consortium for Death Penalty Abolition

• Document type Array
• Available languages FAQ Appel à propositions FSTP

Le 9 février 2024, le gouvernement de la République démocratique du Congo (RDC) a levé le moratoire sur les exécutions en vigueur depuis 2003. Cette décision s’inscrit dans un contexte de détérioration de la situation sécuritaire à l’Est du pays et de restrictions croissantes de l’espace civique. Depuis la levée du moratoire, les défenseur·es des droits humains qui s’opposent publiquement à cette décision font l’objet d’une répression accrue de la part des autorités congolaises. Cette note documente les violations subies par ces défenseur·es dans plusieurs provinces du pays, notamment :

– des menaces de mort et des actes de violence physique ;
– des arrestations et détentions arbitraires ;
– des accusations fallacieuses et des procédures judiciaires controuvées ;
– des atteintes au droit à la propriété et à la libre circulation ;
– du harcèlement visant leurs proches et collaborateur·rices.

Ces violations sont principalement perpétrées par des agents de l’Agence nationale de renseignements (ANR), de la Détection militaire des activités anti-patrie (Démiap), et des forces de sécurité. L’impunité dont jouissent les auteur·rices de ces actes permet à cette répression de perdurer.

La présente note met également en exergue l’impact considérable que provoque la criminalisation des défenseur·es sur leurs conditions de vie et celles de leur entourage, entraînant notamment :

– l’impossibilité de poursuivre leurs activités par crainte de représailles ;
– des conséquences économiques et sociales (perte d’emploi, marginalisation) ;
– un bouleversement de la vie familiale (déménagements forcés, séparations) ;
– un exil forcé pour certain·es défenseur·es particulièrement menacé·es.

Le phénomène croissant de répression décrit dans cette note s’inscrit dans un contexte plus large de restrictions de l’espace civique en RDC, exacerbé par l’état de siège en vigueur dans certaines provinces de l’Est. Cette répression risque d’avoir un effet dissuasif important sur l’ensemble du mouvement abolitionniste et plus largement sur toute forme d’opposition au Gouvernement.

• Document type Rapport d'ONG
• Countries list Democratic Republic of the Congo
• Themes list Moratorium
• Available languages Report on the situation of abolitionist human rights defenders in Democratic Republic of the Congo

As we commemorate the World Day Against the Death Penalty, Justice Project Pakistan presents the third edition of its annual statistics report, Death Penalty in Pakistan: Data Mapping Capital Punishment. This report offers a thoroughly updated and comprehensive analysis of the implementation of the death penalty in Pakistan.

Over the past decade, significant developments have shaped the landscape of capital punishment in Pakistan. This report delves into the data and provides an insightful overview of a period marked by a profound re-evaluation of the death penalty. Its aim is to highlight these developments through detailed statistical analysis and contextual insights.

Since the lifting of the moratorium on executions in December 2014, the administration of death sentences has undergone substantial changes. The statistics reflect a complex interplay of legal processes, judicial decisions, and evolving societal attitudes that influence the application of capital punishment. This edition captures these shifts and provides key findings on trends, patterns, and the underlying drivers.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list Pakistan

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

On February 9, 2024, the government of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) lifted the moratorium on executions that had been in place since 2003. This decision comes amid a deteriorating security situation in the eastern part of the country and increasing restrictions on civic space. Since the moratorium was lifted, human rights defenders who publicly oppose this decision have faced heightened repression from Congolese authorities. This note documents the violations suffered by these defenders in several provinces of the country, including:

– death threats and acts of physical violence;
– arbitrary arrests and detentions;
– baseless accusations and fabricated judicial proceedings;
– violations of property rights and freedom of movement;
– harassment targeting their relatives and collaborators.

These violations are mainly perpetrated by agents of the National Intelligence Agency (ANR), the Military Detection of Unpatriotic Activities (Démiap), and security forces. The impunity enjoyed by the perpetrators allows this repression to continue.

This note also highlights the considerable impact that the criminalization of defenders has on their living conditions and those of their families, including:

– the inability to continue their activities due to fear of reprisals;
– economic and social consequences (loss of employment, marginalization);
– disruption of family life (forced relocations, separations);
– forced exile for some particularly threatened defenders.

The growing phenomenon of repression described in this note is part of a broader context of civic space restrictions in the DRC, exacerbated by the state of siege in place in some eastern provinces. This repression risks having a significant deterrent effect on the entire abolitionist movement and, more broadly, on any form of opposition to the government.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list Democratic Republic of the Congo
• Themes list Moratorium
• Available languages Rapport sur la situation des défenseur.es abolitionnistes en République Démocratique du Congo

• Document type التحالف العالمي / حملات
• Available languages Leaflet - World Day 2024 & 2025Brochure - Journée mondiale 2024 & 2025

• Document type Array
• Available languages Budget Template FSTP-FFPA

• Document type Array
• Available languages Modèle de budget - FSTP-FFPA

Formulaire de demande – Soutien financier aux tiers – Consortium mondial pour l’abolition de la peine de mort

• Document type Array
• Available languages ApplicationForm-FSTP_FFPA

• Document type Array
• Available languages Formulaire de demande - FSTP-FFPA

LGBTQ+ people, especially people of color and low income, experience high levels of policing and criminalization, leading to an overrepresentation of these individuals in the incarcerated population. A 2017 study from researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles School of Law, suggests that LGBTQ+ people are three times as likely to be incarcerated than the general population. Once incarcerated, LGBTQ+ people are often subjected to violence from correctional staff and fellow prisoners, as well denied medical care and access to mental health services.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list United States
• Themes list Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment and Punishment / Fair Trial

• Document type ائتلاف جهانی / مبارزات انتخاباتی
• Available languages ملصق اليوم العالمي لمناهضة عقوبة الإعدام 2024 - 2025Poster World day against the death penalty 2024 - 2025Cartel Día mundial contra la pena de muerte 2024 - 2025Affiche journées mondiales contre la peine de mort 2024 & 2025Плакат Всемирный день против смертной казни 2024 - 2025海報 2024 年至 2025 年世界反對死刑日

• Document type Campagnes / Coalition mondiale
• Available languages INSECURITY REVEALED: Voices Against the Death Penalty

• Document type Campaigning / World Coalition
• Available languages L'INSÉCURITÉ RÉVÉLÉE : Voix contre la peine de mort

• Document type Campaigning / World Coalition

Во исполнение решения 18/117 Совета по правам человека настоящий доклад представляется для обновления предыдущих докладов по вопросу о смертной казни. В докладе Генеральный секретарь подтверждает тенденцию к всеобщей отмене смертной казни и отмечает инициативы по ограничению ее применения и реализации мер, гарантирующих защиту прав тех, кому грозит смертная казнь. В период с июля 2022 года по июнь 2024 года смертная казнь по-прежнему применялась в меньшинстве государств, а некоторые значительно расширили ее применение. В соответствии с резолюцией 22/11 Совета доклад содержит также информацию о правах человека детей, родители которых были приговорены к смертной казни или казнены

• Document type Доклад Организации Объединенных Наций / Международное право - Организация Объединенных Наций
• Themes list Clemency / Fair Trial / Death Row Conditions 
• Available languages مادعلإا ةبوقع ةلأسم - ماعلا نيملأا ريرقتReport of the Secretary General: Question of the death penalty 2024La cuestión de la pena de muerte Informe del Secretario GeneralQuestion de la peine de mort - Rapport du Secrétaire général死刑问题 秘书长的报告

本报告根据人权理事会第 18/117 号决定提交，以更新以往关于死刑问题的报告。秘书长在报告中重申了普遍废除死刑的总体趋势，并着重介绍了限制使用死刑和落实保护死刑犯权利的保障措施的举措。2022 年 7 月至 2024 年 6 月期间，少数国家继续执行死刑，其中一些国家使用死刑的情况大幅增加。依照理事会第22/11 号决议，本报告载有关于被判死刑者或被处决者子女的人权问题的资料。

• Document type 联合国报告
• Themes list Fair Trial / Clemency / Death Row Conditions 
• Available languages مادعلإا ةبوقع ةلأسم - ماعلا نيملأا ريرقتReport of the Secretary General: Question of the death penalty 2024La cuestión de la pena de muerte Informe del Secretario GeneralQuestion de la peine de mort - Rapport du Secrétaire généralВопрос о смертной казни - Доклад Генерального секретаря

Este informe se presenta, de conformidad con la decisión 18/117 del Consejo de Derechos Humanos, para actualizar la información proporcionada en informes anteriores sobre la cuestión de la pena de muerte. En el informe, el Secretario General reafirma la tendencia general hacia la abolición universal de la pena de muerte y pone de relieve las iniciativas que limitan su uso y aplican salvaguardias que garantizan la protección de los derechos de los condenados a esta pena. Entre julio de 2022 y junio de 2024, una minoría de Estados siguió aplicando la pena de muerte, y algunos aumentaron considerablemente su uso. En cumplimiento de la resolución 22/11 del Consejo, el informe incluye información sobre los derechos humanos de los hijos de las personas condenadas a muerte o ejecutadas.

• Document type Informe de las Naciones Unidas
• Themes list Clemency / Death Row Conditions  / Fair Trial
• Available languages مادعلإا ةبوقع ةلأسم - ماعلا نيملأا ريرقتReport of the Secretary General: Question of the death penalty 2024Question de la peine de mort - Rapport du Secrétaire généralВопрос о смертной казни - Доклад Генерального секретаря死刑问题 秘书长的报告

ب ًلامع ريرقتلا اذه مَّ دق ُ ي ررقم ناااااااااااسنلإا قوقح سلجم 18 / 117 قباااااااااااسلا ريراقتلا لامرتااااااااااسلا دجعاااااااااا لا لع يعاقلا ماعلا قاجتلاا ريرقتلا ا ً اقدجم ماعلا نجملأا دلايو ممادعلإا بوقع لاااااااااااسمب قلعتملا بوقعلا قذوق لمعلا نم دحلل نذ تملا ةارقالملا لع ءوااااعلا ضل لااااسي امل ممادعلإا بوقع ءاغلإ وحن املاعلا يامح لفرت اتلا ةاناماااعلا ذجفنتو لوي/وومت نم نرتفلا ا و ماوتوجاوم ا يا اااشلأا قوقح 2022 لإ اا نوي/ناريزح 2024 نقااايزق اااونم عللا مااا م ،مادااعلإا اابوقع ذااجفنت ا لوداالا نم اا لفأ ةَّ رمتااااااااااااااسا ، سلجملا رارقب ًلامعو مرجبل دح لإ اوماد تاسا 22 / 11 ، نااسنلإا قوقح نع ةامولعم ريرقتلا اذه نماعتي ماومدعُأ نيذلا وأ مادعلإاب يوجلع موكحملا لافطلأ

• Document type القانون الدولي - الأمم المتحدة
• Themes list Clemency / Death Row Conditions  / Fair Trial
• Available languages Report of the Secretary General: Question of the death penalty 2024La cuestión de la pena de muerte Informe del Secretario GeneralQuestion de la peine de mort - Rapport du Secrétaire généralВопрос о смертной казни - Доклад Генерального секретаря死刑问题 秘书长的报告

Le Secrétaire général soumet le présent rapport en application de la décision 18/117 du Conseil des droits de l’homme, afin d’actualiser les informations fournies dans les précédents rapports consacrés à la question de la peine de mort. Il y constate une fois de plus une tendance générale à l’abolition de la peine de mort dans le monde et met en lumière les mesures prises pour limiter l’application de cette peine et pour garantir la protection des droits des personnes qui en sont passibles. Entre juillet 2022 et juin 2024, une minorité d’États ont continué d’appliquer la peine de mort, certains d’entre eux ayant nettement accru leur recours à cette pratique. Conformément à la résolution 22/11 du Conseil, le présent rapport contient des informations sur les droits humains des enfants dont les parents ont été condamnés à mort ou exécutés.

• Document type Rapport des Nations Unies
• Themes list Clemency / Death Row Conditions  / Fair Trial
• Available languages مادعلإا ةبوقع ةلأسم - ماعلا نيملأا ريرقتReport of the Secretary General: Question of the death penalty 2024La cuestión de la pena de muerte Informe del Secretario GeneralВопрос о смертной казни - Доклад Генерального секретаря死刑问题 秘书长的报告

Pursuant to Human Rights Council decision 18/117, the present report is submitted to update previous reports on the question of the death penalty. In the report, the SecretaryGeneral reaffirms the general trend towards universal abolition of the death penalty and highlights initiatives limiting its use and implementing safeguards guaranteeing the protection of the rights of those facing this penalty. Between July 2022 and June 2024, a minority of States continued to implement the death penalty, with some increasing their use considerably. Pursuant to Council resolution 22/11, the report includes information on the human rights of children of parents sentenced to the death penalty or executed.

• Document type United Nations report
• Themes list Clemency / Death Row Conditions  / Fair Trial / Trend Towards Abolition
• Available languages مادعلإا ةبوقع ةلأسم - ماعلا نيملأا ريرقتLa cuestión de la pena de muerte Informe del Secretario GeneralQuestion de la peine de mort - Rapport du Secrétaire généralВопрос о смертной казни - Доклад Генерального секретаря死刑问题 秘书长的报告

• Document type Campaigning / World Coalition

• Document type Campaigning / World Coalition

• Document type Campagnes / Coalition mondiale
• Available languages Detailed factsheet - World Day 2024 & 2025

• Document type Campaigning / World Coalition
• Available languages Fiche d'information détaillée - journée mondiale 2024 & 2025

• Document type Array

• Document type 世界联盟 / 活动
• Available languages ملصق اليوم العالمي لمناهضة عقوبة الإعدام 2024 - 2025Poster World day against the death penalty 2024 - 2025Cartel Día mundial contra la pena de muerte 2024 - 2025پوستر روز جهانی علیه مجازات اعدام 2024 - 2025Affiche journées mondiales contre la peine de mort 2024 & 2025Плакат Всемирный день против смертной казни 2024 - 2025

• Document type Campagnes / Coalition mondiale
• Available languages Debunking the deterrence theory

• Document type Campaigning / World Coalition
• Available languages La théorie de la dissuasion démystifiée

• Document type Всемирная Коалиция / Кампании
• Available languages ملصق اليوم العالمي لمناهضة عقوبة الإعدام 2024 - 2025Poster World day against the death penalty 2024 - 2025Cartel Día mundial contra la pena de muerte 2024 - 2025پوستر روز جهانی علیه مجازات اعدام 2024 - 2025Affiche journées mondiales contre la peine de mort 2024 & 2025海報 2024 年至 2025 年世界反對死刑日

• Document type Campaigning / Coalición mundial
• Available languages ملصق اليوم العالمي لمناهضة عقوبة الإعدام 2024 - 2025Poster World day against the death penalty 2024 - 2025پوستر روز جهانی علیه مجازات اعدام 2024 - 2025Affiche journées mondiales contre la peine de mort 2024 & 2025Плакат Всемирный день против смертной казни 2024 - 2025海報 2024 年至 2025 年世界反對死刑日

• Document type التحالف العالمي / حملات
• Available languages Poster World day against the death penalty 2024 - 2025Cartel Día mundial contra la pena de muerte 2024 - 2025پوستر روز جهانی علیه مجازات اعدام 2024 - 2025Affiche journées mondiales contre la peine de mort 2024 & 2025Плакат Всемирный день против смертной казни 2024 - 2025海報 2024 年至 2025 年世界反對死刑日

• Document type Campaigning / World Coalition

• Document type Campaigning / World Coalition

• Document type Campaigning / World Coalition

• Document type Campaigning / World Coalition

• Document type Campaigning / World Coalition

• Document type Campaigning / World Coalition

• Document type Campaigning / World Coalition

• Document type Campagnes / Coalition mondiale
• Available languages 22nd World Day Against the Death Penalty - FACTS AND FIGURES

• Document type Campaigning / World Coalition
• Available languages 22e Journée mondiale contre la peine de mort - Faits et chiffres

• Document type Campaigning / World Coalition

Key Findings

Elected supreme court justices in Georgia, North Carolina, and Ohio are twice as likely to affirm death penalty cases during an election year than in any other year. This effect is statistically significant when controlling for the number of cases each year.

Changing public opinion means that zealous support for the death penalty is no longer a litmus test for elected officials in many death penalty jurisdictions. Today’s elections feature viable candidates who criticize use of the death penalty and pledge reforms or even non-use, reflecting the significant decline in public support for the death penalty.

Elected governors were more likely to grant clemency in the past when they did not face voters in an upcoming election. Concerns about voter “backlash” have eased today with declining public support and low numbers of new death sentences and executions, and have led to an increased number of prisoners benefiting from clemency grants, especially mass grants, in recent years.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list United States
• Themes list Public Opinion 

• Document type Campagnes / Coalition mondiale
• Available languages ملصق اليوم العالمي لمناهضة عقوبة الإعدام 2024 - 2025Poster World day against the death penalty 2024 - 2025Cartel Día mundial contra la pena de muerte 2024 - 2025پوستر روز جهانی علیه مجازات اعدام 2024 - 2025Плакат Всемирный день против смертной казни 2024 - 2025海報 2024 年至 2025 年世界反對死刑日

• Document type Campaigning / World Coalition
• Available languages ملصق اليوم العالمي لمناهضة عقوبة الإعدام 2024 - 2025Cartel Día mundial contra la pena de muerte 2024 - 2025پوستر روز جهانی علیه مجازات اعدام 2024 - 2025Affiche journées mondiales contre la peine de mort 2024 & 2025Плакат Всемирный день против смертной казни 2024 - 2025海報 2024 年至 2025 年世界反對死刑日

• Document type Campagnes / Coalition mondiale
• Available languages MOBILIZATION KIT World Day Against the Death Penalty 2024 - 2025 Security and the death penalty

• Document type Campaigning / World Coalition
• Available languages KIT DE MOBILISATION Journée mondiale contre la peine de mort 2024 - 2025 Sécurité et peine de mort

Chaque 10 octobre, la Coalition mondiale contre la peine de mort et les abolitionnistes du monde entier célèbrent la Journée mondiale contre la peine de mort. C’est l’occasion de souligner les progrès accomplis dans la campagne mondiale pour l’abolition de la peine capitale. En 2024 et 2025, la Journée mondiale sera aussi l’occasion de remettre […]

• Document type Campagnes / Coalition mondiale
• Available languages كتيب - اليوم العالمي 2024 و 2025Leaflet - World Day 2024 & 2025

Every 10th October, the World Coalition Against the Death Penalty and abolitionist actors worldwide celebrate the World Day Against the Death Penalty. It is an occasion to highlight the progress achieved in the global campaign for the abolition of capital punishment. In 2024 and 2025, the World Day will serve as an opportunity to challenge […]

• Document type Campaigning / World Coalition
• Available languages كتيب - اليوم العالمي 2024 و 2025Brochure - Journée mondiale 2024 & 2025

• Document type Rapport d'ONG
• Themes list Death Row Conditions  / Fair Trial
• Available languages REPORT WORLD DAY AGAINST THE DEATH PENALTY 2023

• Document type NGO report
• Themes list Death Row Conditions  / Fair Trial
• Available languages RAPPORT JOURNÉE MONDIALE CONTRE LA PEINE DE MORT 2023

《2024台灣死刑判決報告：37位死刑犯判決之恣意性分析》回顧現37位死刑定讞個案之歷審判決，期望透過相關比較分析以了解台灣死刑判決真實樣貌以及其中可能的恣意所在。

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list Taiwan

في 10 أكتوبر ،2019 سيحتفل التحالف العالمي لمناهضة عقوبة اإلعدام
والمنظمات الداعية إلى إلغاء عقوبة اإلعدام من جميع أنحاء العالم باليوم
العالمي السابع عشر لمناهضة عقوبة اإلعدام. وبالتزامن مع الذكرى الثالثين
التفاقية حقوق الطفل، تم تخصيص هذا العام لألطفال الذين حكم على والديهم
باإلعدام أو خضعوا بالفعل لهذه العقوبة.

• Document type التحالف العالمي
• Available languages Leaflet 2019 World Day

ölum cezalari ve infazlar 2023

• Document type Rapport d'ONG
• Themes list Mouvement vers l'abolition

Pemantauan yang dilakukan oleh Amnesty Internasional terhadap hukuman mati secara global
mencatat terdapat 1.153 eksekusi hukuman mati pada tahun 2023. Angka tersebut menunjukkan
adanya peningkatan sebanyak 31% dari 883 eksekusi pada tahun 2022. Namun, ada penurunan
yang signifikan pada angka negara yang menerapkan hukuman mati. Dari 20 negara pada 2022
menjadi hanya 16 negara di 2023

• Document type NGO report
• Themes list Trend Towards Abolition

Ufuatiliaji wa Amnesty International wa matumizi ya adhabu ya kifo duniani ulibaini watu
1,153 wanaofahamika kuwa walinyongwa mwaka 2023, ambalo ni ongezeko la asilimia
31 kutoka 883 mwaka 2022. Hata hivyo nchi zinazowanyonga watu zilipungua kwa
kiwango kikubwa kutoka 20 mwaka 2022 hadi 16 mwaka 2023

• Document type NGO report
• Themes list Trend Towards Abolition

Amnesty International’s monitoring of the global use of the death penalty recorded 1,153 known executions in 2023, an increase by 31% from 883 in 2022. However, there was a significant decrease in executing countries, from 20 in 2022 to 16 in 2023.

• Document type NGO report
• Themes list Trend Towards Abolition
• Available languages التقرير العالمي لمنظمة العفو الدولية أحكام وعمليات اإلعدام في 2023Informe Global de Amnistia internacional: condenas a muerte y ejecuciones 2023Amnesty international - Rapport mondial : condamnations à mort et exécutions 2023

Les informations recueillies par Amnesty International sur le recours à la peine de mort dans le monde en 2023 font état de 1 153 exécutions recensées au cours de l’année, ce qui représente une hausse de 31 % par rapport aux 883 exécutions enregistrées en 2022. Cependant, le nombre de pays procédant à des exécutions a nettement diminué, passant de 20 en 2022 à 16 en 2023.

• Document type Rapport d'ONG
• Themes list Mouvement vers l'abolition
• Available languages التقرير العالمي لمنظمة العفو الدولية أحكام وعمليات اإلعدام في 2023Amnesty International - Global Report : death sentences and executions 2023Informe Global de Amnistia internacional: condenas a muerte y ejecuciones 2023

أظهر رصد منظمة العفو الدولية لاستخدام عقوبة الإعدام حول العالم 1153 عملية إعدام عُلم بتنفيذها، في عام 2023، بزيادة بنسبة %31 من 883 في عام 2022. ومع ذلك، كان هناك انخفاض كبير في عدد البلدان التي نفذت عمليات إعدام، من 20 في عام 2022 إلى 16 في عام 2023.

• Document type تقرير منظمة غير حكومية
• Available languages Amnesty International - Global Report : death sentences and executions 2023Informe Global de Amnistia internacional: condenas a muerte y ejecuciones 2023Amnesty international - Rapport mondial : condamnations à mort et exécutions 2023

Según el seguimiento que hace Amnistía Internacional del uso de la pena de muerte en el mundo, en 2023 se tuvo noticia de 1.153 ejecuciones: un aumento del 31% respecto de las 883 de 2022. Sin embargo, hubo un descenso significativo en el número de países que llevaron a cabo ejecuciones, que pasó de 20 en 2022 a 16 en 2023.

• Document type Informe de ONG
• Themes list Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment and Punishment
• Available languages التقرير العالمي لمنظمة العفو الدولية أحكام وعمليات اإلعدام في 2023Amnesty International - Global Report : death sentences and executions 2023Amnesty international - Rapport mondial : condamnations à mort et exécutions 2023

In January 2024, Ohio lawmakers announced plans to expand the use of the death penalty to permit executions with nitrogen gas, as Alabama had just done a week earlier. But at the same time the Attorney General and the Ohio Prosecuting Attorneys Association are championing this legislation, a bipartisan group of state legislators has introduced a bill to abolish the death penalty based on “significant concerns on who is sentenced to death and how that sentence is carried out.” The competing narratives make it more important than ever for Ohioans to have a meaningful, accurate understanding of how capital punishment is being used, including whether the state has progressed beyond the mistakes of its past.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list United States
• Themes list Fair Trial / Innocence / Trend Towards Abolition

LDF issues a quarterly report entitled Death Row USA that contains death penalty information, death row populations by state, and other capital punishment statistics in the United States.

• Document type Academic report
• Countries list United States
• Themes list Death Row Conditions 

This report builds on the pioneering work HRI has been doing since its first ‘The Death Penalty for Drug Offences: Global Overview (‘Global Overview’) in 2007. It analyses how the landscape of the death penalty for drug offences has shifted in the last decade, looking at the main trends regarding people on death row, death sentences and executions for drug offences, as well as key developments at national and international level in the period between 2014 and 2023.

• Document type NGO report
• Themes list Drug Offenses

Published on February 2024.

Founded in 2001, the Berkeley Law Death Penalty Clinic seeks justice for individuals facing capital punishment by providing high-quality representation and offers students a rich opportunity for meaningful, hands-on experience in high stakes, complex litigation. The clinic also tackles problems endemic to the administration of the death penalty and the criminal legal system.

The report continues the clinic’s racial justice research and advocacy by cataloging the states that gather prospective jurors’ self-identified race and ethnicity and those that do not. It examines what courts do with the information, including whether it is provided to the court and counsel for use during jury selection, and the consequences of these choices in furthering or obstructing jury representativeness and diversity. In particular, the report shows why the collection of prospective jurors’ self-identified race and ethnicity is vital to meeting state and federal fair cross-section guarantees and eliminating the discriminatory exercise of peremptory challenges.

• Document type Academic report
• Countries list United States

一、 國際特赦組織台灣分會與世界反死刑聯盟針對上述案件特此對中
華民國憲法法庭提交法庭之友意見書，以確保中華民國所有被判
處死刑者的權利受到保護。

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list Taiwan
• Available languages Taiwan: Amicus Curiae submission by Amnesty International and the World Coalition Against the Death Penalty to the Constitutional Court

Published on February 2024.

Texas has executed more people than any other state. However, out of the 254 counties in Texas, 136 have never sent an individual to death row. Harris County—Texas’s largest county and home to the city of Houston—stands out as the “death penalty capital of the world.” Harris County has executed more people than any state in the United States except Texas3 and is responsible for a quarter of the 1,124 people who have been sent to Texas’s death row since 1973.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list United States

Publié en Avril 2024.

Rabat, le 23 avril 2024. Les acteurs du mouvement abolitionniste marocain appellent l’Etat marocain à s’engager concrètement en faveur de l’abolition de la peine de mort dans leur pays. Dans un rapport d’enquête, réalisé en collaboration avec l’ONG Ensemble contre la peine de mort (ECPM) et publié le 23 avril 2024, les quatre organisations s’inquiètent de la situation des condamnés à mort au Maroc et réclament des avancées concrètes vers l’abolition de la peine de mort. Malgré l’absence d’exécutions depuis plus de trente ans, la peine capitale est encore synonyme de mort au Maroc. Elle est aussi synonyme d’une profonde détresse pour les personnes condamnées et pour leurs familles, disloquées, stigmatisées, qui doivent parfois quitter leur quartier pour éviter le rejet de leur entourage, en raison de la condamnation à mort de leur proche. Pourquoi créer et maintenir tant de souffrance pour une peine qui n’est plus exécutée, interrogent les auteurs du rapport.

• Document type Rapport d'ONG
• Countries list Morocco

Published on April 2024.

Researchers at Reprieve conducted an in-depth comparative study of botched lethal injection executions in the modern era of the U.S. death penalty, cross-referenced against the 1,407 lethal injection executions carried out or attempted during that period.

This report examines the phenomenon of botched executions by lethal injection, exploring the trends and contributing factors leading to botched executions through an analysis of 73 botched executions in the 1,407 lethal injection executions since 1977 (known as the modern era of the death penalty in the U.S.). This analysis used a process called multi-variable logistic regression, a type of analysis that assesses the odds of something happening considering multiple variables, to assess how identifiable characteristics (gender, age, and race) were associated with botched executions.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list United States
• Themes list Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment and Punishment

This article presents a comprehensive study of 48 persons sentenced to death between 1990 and 2023 who presented as women at the time of their trials. This research is the first of its kind to conduct a holistic and intersectional analysis of the factors driving women’s death sentences. It reveals commonalities across women’s cases, delving into their experiences of motherhood, gender-based violence and prior involvement with the criminal legal system. This report also explore the nature of the women’s crimes of conviction, including the role of male co-defendants and the State’s use of aggravating factors. Finally, it reveals for the first time the extent to which capital prosecutions are dominated by men—including judges, elected District Attorneys, defense attorneys, and juror forepersons—and explain why gender matters in determining who lives and who dies

• Document type Academic report
• Countries list United States
• Themes list Gender / Women

Published on April 8, 2024.

As the Constitutional Court of the Republic of China considers a challenge to the constitutionality of the death penalty, Amnesty International Taiwan and the World Coalition Against the Death Penalty submitted a joint amicus curiae intervention, to ensure the protection of the rights of all those under sentence of death. The amicus interveners argue that the use of the death penalty in the Republic of China constitutes a violation of human rights as guaranteed under the Constitution and international law and standards; and sets the country against the global trend, which remains overwhelmingly in favour of abolition.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list Taiwan
• Available languages 憲法法庭法庭之友意見書 主案案號：111年度憲民字第904052號 法庭之友：國際特赦組織台灣分會 均詳委任狀 代 表 人：林綉娟 理事長 代 理 人：陳瑋珊 律師 均詳委任狀 均詳委任狀

ا شرازگ ،یقیقحت شیازفا کانتشحو مادعا رامش اه رد ناریا رد لاس 2023 هک نیرتلااب نازیم
مادعا رد تشه لاس هتشذگ ار تسا یزاسدنتسم .تسا هدرک رد یلاح هک تشگزاب دهاش نارگن هدننک
هب تسایس هزرابم رابگرم اب داوم ردخم زا نامز هب تردق ندیسر میهاربا یسیئر هب تسایر یروهمج
رد لاس 2021 شیب ،میتسه زا یمین زا مادعا اه هب لیلد تاماهتا طبترم اب داوم ردخم هدش ماجنا
.تسا اب تینوصم هب هجوت کیتامتسیس رشب قوقح ضقن نابکترم رد تازاجم زا ،ناریا نیا شرازگ رب
ترورض زاغآ تاقیقحت یرفیک یوس زا اهروشک ساسا رب لصا تیحلاص ییاضق یناهج یارب مئارج
نیب یللملا هک تاماقم یناریا بکترم هدش نودب ،دنا هجوت هب روضح ای مدع روضح مهتم رد ورملق
نآ اه ، یم دیکات ا نامز خ ی شز « ،نز گدنز ی ، دازآ ی » زا ربماتپس- ربماسد 2022 ، تاماقم یروهمج یملاسا اب لسوت هب ی ک راتشک کانتشحو و اب همانرب ر ی ز ی
باسح ،هدش زا تازاجم مادعا هب ناونع ی ک ی زا اهرازبا ی بوکرس و ارب ی ا ی داج سح سرت گارف ی ر رد رسارس ،روشک لامعا لرتنک رب مدرم و کحت ی م
تردق دوخ هب ره ق ی تم ی هدافتسا هدرک دنا .

• Document type Array
• Countries list Iran (Islamic Republic of)
• Available languages "Don't let them kill us": Iran's relentless execution crisis since the 2022 uprising

Published in 2024.

This research briefing documents the horrifying surge in executions in Iran in 2023, the highest in eight years. More than half of the executions were for drug-related offences amid a distressing return to a lethal antinarcotics policy since Ebrahim Raisi’s rise to presidency in 2021. With systemic impunity in Iran, the briefing reiterates the need for states to initiate criminal investigations under the principle of universal jurisdiction into crimes under international law committed by Iranian officials, irrespective of the absence or presence of the accused in their territory. Since the “Woman Life Freedom” uprising of September-December 2022, the Iranian authorities have weaponized the death penalty to create a pervasive climate of fear across the country, exert control over the population, and suppress dissent and any challenge to their iron grip on power. As a result, 2023 saw an exponential increase in the number of recorded executions. The authorities executed at least 853 people in 2023, a 48% increase from 2022 when 576 people were executed and a 172% increase from 2021 when 314 people were executed. Amnesty International believes that the real number of executions is higher, but the Iranian authorities are not transparent about the number of people executed each year and do not make data on executions publicly available.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list Iran (Islamic Republic of)
• Available languages « ن گ راذ ی د ام ار دنشکب » نارحب مادعا یب یاه ناما رد اریا شزیخ نامز زا ن لاس 1

Published in 2023.

At the end of 2023, 34 countries retained the death for drug offences. In July 2023 Pakistan took the landmark decision to remove the death penalty from the list of punishments that can be imposed for certain violations of its Control of Narcotics Substances Act. This year also saw notable progress in Malaysia, which abolished the mandatory death penalty for all offences, including drug-related ones. This reform may impact the lives of over 700 people on death row for drug offences and bring the country one step closer to total abolition of capital punishment. In stark contrast to these positive developments is the record-high number of drug-related executions in 2023 at least 467. Of those executed, at least 59 people belonged to ethnic minority groups (in Iran and in Singapore), 13 individuals were foreign nationals, and six were women. These figures confirm that these groups are uniquely vulnerable to capital punishment as a tool of drug control. Despite not accounting for the dozens, if not hundreds, of executions believed to have taken place in China, Vietnam, and North Korea, the 467 executions that took place in 2023 represent a 44% increase from 2022.

• Document type NGO report
• Themes list Drug Offenses

Chapter 12 of SUARAM’s Malaysia Human Rights Report 2023 highlights the abolition of the mandatory death penalty in Malaysia and its significance for human rights. The chapter provides an in-depth look at the legislative reforms, the implications for justice, and the challenges ahead in transitioning towards a more humane penal system. It underscores the importance of continued advocacy for complete abolition.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list Malaysia
• Themes list Trend Towards Abolition

Published on March 5, 2024

This report has been drafted by Iran Human Rights (IHRNGO) with the support of ECPM (Together Against the Death Penalty). Since 2012, Iran Human Rights and ECPM have been working together for the publication, international release and distribution of annual reports on the death penalty in Iran.

The 16th annual report on the death penalty by Iran Human Rights and ECPM (Together Against the Death Penalty) provides an assessment and analysis of the 2023 death penalty trends in 2023 in the Islamic Republic of Iran. It sets out the number of executions in 2023, the trend compared to previous years, the legislative framework and procedures, charges, geographic distribution and a monthly breakdown of executions. Lists of the female and juvenile offenders executed in 2023 are also included in the tables. The report also looks into the abolitionist movement within Iran, including the forgiveness movement and its contribution to reducing the use of the death penalty, and provides analysis on how the international community can contribute to limiting the scope of the death penalty in Iran. The 2023 report is the result of hard work from Iran Human Rights members and supporters who took part in reporting, documenting, collecting, analysing and writing of its contents. We are especially grateful to Iran Human Rights sources inside Iran who incur a significant risk by reporting on unannounced and secret executions in prisons of 30 different provinces. Due to the very difficult context, the lack of transparency and the obvious risks and limitations that human rights defenders face in the Islamic Republic of Iran, this report does not give a complete picture of the use of the death penalty in Iran by any means. There are 46 reported executions which are not included in this report due to a lack of sufficient details or an inability to confirm cases through two different sources. However, it aims to provide the most complete and realistic figures possible in the present circumstances. The current report does not include suspicious deaths in custody, death row prisoners who died in prison before the executions or those killed under torture. ECPM supports the elaboration, editing process, publishing and distribution of this report in the framework of its international advocacy work against the death penalty. The problems of transparency on the data and information about the death penalty in Iran should be overcome by a strong strategy of distribution and dissemination. The overall objectives of this report for Iran Human Rights and ECPM are to call attention to and publicise the facts, in order to change national and international views on the situation of the death penalty in Iran, first executioner country in the world.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list Iran (Islamic Republic of)

Published on January 30, 2024.

The Third Eye invited Maitreyi Misra of Project 39A to help us think through our central idea: why do we need a feminist way of looking at crime, and how does that help the larger goal of social justice?

Project 39A is inspired by Article 39-A of the Indian Constitution, a provision that furthers the intertwined values of equal justice and equal opportunity by removing economic and social barriers. Using empirical research to re-examine practices and policies in the criminal justice system, Project 39A aims to trigger new conversations on legal aid, torture, forensics, mental health in prisons, and the death penalty.

• Document type Article
• Themes list Gender / Women

Published on February 11, 2024.

In 2002, Ra’id was arrested alongside several other suspects following a botched bank robbery that left two people dead and another paralyzed. His co-defendants pointed to him as the mastermind, which Ra’id adamantly denied. “I did not take part in that atrocity,” he told the court following his trial. “I did not shoot and kill anyone.”

Newson attended his father’s sentencing hearing, along with his mother, Jeannie Gipson-Newson. A death sentence would be “devastating to my child,” she remembered testifying. But it felt futile. The jurors seemed to have made up their minds. In 2004, Ra’id was sentenced to die.

• Document type Article
• Countries list United States

Published in 2023.

This is the eighth edition of the Death Penalty in India: Annual Statistics Report. This annual publication presents changes in the death row population as well as political and legal developments in the administration of the death penalty in India each year. The statistics are compiled through a combination of data mining of court websites, media monitoring and Right to Information applications.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list India

Pakistan is counted among the countries that rely heavily on foreign remittances for economic stability and foreign reserves. However, despite its dependence on foreign remittances from migrant workers, Pakistan has done little to protect its vulnerable citizens from landing in foreign jails. As a result, Pakistan has seen a significant increase in the number of prisoners and executions abroad. Inadequate oversight and the lack of proper enforcement of existing protections is a literal death sentence for scores of Pakistanis who simply seek a better life and improved prospects for loved ones by working abroad.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list Pakistan

• Document type Доклад Организации Объединенных Наций
• Available languages A/HRC/RES/54/35قرار اعتمده مجلس حقوق اإلنسانA/HRC/RES/54/35 Resolution adopted by the Human Rights CouncilA/HRC/RES/54/35 Resolución aprobada por el Consejo de Derechos HumanosA/HRC/RES/54/35 Résolution adoptée par le Conseil des droits de l’hommeA/HRC/RES/54/35 人权理事会 通过的决议

• Document type Derecho internacional - Naciones Unidas
• Available languages A/HRC/RES/54/35قرار اعتمده مجلس حقوق اإلنسانA/HRC/RES/54/35 Resolution adopted by the Human Rights CouncilA/HRC/RES/54/35 Résolution adoptée par le Conseil des droits de l’hommeA/HRC/RES/54/35 Резолюция, принятая Советом по правам человекаA/HRC/RES/54/35 人权理事会 通过的决议

• Document type 国际法 - 联合国
• Available languages A/HRC/RES/54/35قرار اعتمده مجلس حقوق اإلنسانA/HRC/RES/54/35 Resolution adopted by the Human Rights CouncilA/HRC/RES/54/35 Resolución aprobada por el Consejo de Derechos HumanosA/HRC/RES/54/35 Résolution adoptée par le Conseil des droits de l’hommeA/HRC/RES/54/35 Резолюция, принятая Советом по правам человека

• Document type Rapport des Nations Unies
• Available languages A/HRC/RES/54/35قرار اعتمده مجلس حقوق اإلنسانA/HRC/RES/54/35 Resolution adopted by the Human Rights CouncilA/HRC/RES/54/35 Resolución aprobada por el Consejo de Derechos HumanosA/HRC/RES/54/35 Резолюция, принятая Советом по правам человекаA/HRC/RES/54/35 人权理事会 通过的决议

• Document type القانون الدولي - الأمم المتحدة
• Available languages A/HRC/RES/54/35 Resolution adopted by the Human Rights CouncilA/HRC/RES/54/35 Resolución aprobada por el Consejo de Derechos HumanosA/HRC/RES/54/35 Résolution adoptée par le Conseil des droits de l’hommeA/HRC/RES/54/35 Резолюция, принятая Советом по правам человекаA/HRC/RES/54/35 人权理事会 通过的决议

• Document type International law - United Nations
• Available languages A/HRC/RES/54/35قرار اعتمده مجلس حقوق اإلنسانA/HRC/RES/54/35 Resolución aprobada por el Consejo de Derechos HumanosA/HRC/RES/54/35 Résolution adoptée par le Conseil des droits de l’hommeA/HRC/RES/54/35 Резолюция, принятая Советом по правам человекаA/HRC/RES/54/35 人权理事会 通过的决议

Published in April 2023.

Despite the reduction in the number of executions for drug offences during 2018-2020, a sudden increase in executions was recorded during 2021-2023: at least 131 known executions were recorded for drug offences in 2021, 253 executions in 2022, and 82 executions during the first 3 months of 2023 (Table). However, information concerning the death penalty in Iran is notoriously difficult to obtain because of the secrecy surrounding the country’s criminal justice process. This note provides a rare glimpse into the application of capital drug laws in the Islamic Republic of Iran. It exposes the idiosyncratic practices of the judiciary and its decision-making, using cases concerning the death penalty for drug offences—its imposition prohibited long under international standards. These judgments repeatedly use the language of ‘certainty’ in convicting the accused. In reality, to those familiar with basic fair trial standards, they raise serious concerns about miscarriages of justice that could potentially result in the erosion of legitimacy of the criminal ‘justice’ system in Iran.

• Document type NGO report
• Themes list Drug Offenses

Published in December 2023.

This paper seeks to map the political economy of capital punishment in Iran, in particular in relation to dual and foreign nationals, and examines its external and internal functions. The external functions include suppressing the ‘cultural threat’ of cross-border drug trafficking, achieving more power in sanctions negotiations, seeking reciprocal prisoner swaps or demanding recompense for outstanding multinational debt. The internal functions include quashing protests against the regime, supressing separatist movements, or even just ‘otherness’. It is evident that those facing disadvantage across foreign national and intersectional lines face the death penalty disproportionately. In addition, although only representing a fraction of the overall population of death row, the arbitrary detention of dual nationals has a disproportionate political function.

• Document type Academic Article
• Countries list Iran (Islamic Republic of)

Published in December 2023.

In popular, intellectual and political culture, the Middle Ages are intrinsically tied to violent images of public executions. To historians of the medieval period, this temporal attachment of the death penalty to a remote period is puzzling, especially since it is still widely enforced in the world today and was only relatively recently abolished in Europe. Capital punishment is not only a part of history, but a modern-day reality. Why, therefore, do we pin this punishment to the Middle Ages? This paper aims to analyse the discourses surrounding the usage of the Middle Ages in modern discussions on the death penalty, and to clarify medieval practices of capital punishment, showing how remote they are from our contemporary understanding

• Document type Academic Article
• Countries list United Kingdom

Published in December 2023.

This paper reflects on the role of international human rights treaties in promoting universal abolition and progressive restriction of the death penalty. It suggests that over the past quarter of a century a ‘new human rights dynamic’ has aimed to generate universal acceptance that however it is administered, the death penalty violates the human rights of all citizens exposed to it. Nevertheless, defences of capital punishment based on principles of national sovereignty are engrained in some parts of the world, particularly in Asia and the Middle East. The human rights project struggles to make inroads into such jurisdictions where political will is opposed to abolition, and trenchant protection of sovereignty threatens the very universality of these rights.

• Document type Academic Article
• Themes list Trend Towards Abolition

This publication seeks to make visible the gender and intersectional discrimination faced by women in the judicial process leading to the death penalty. Through the various articlesin this publication, the authors bring to light the reality of women facing the death penalty through a different lens.

The first author, Shekinah Bright Kiting’a, in making a compelling case for abolition of the death penalty, explores how the death penalty uniquely affects women in the context of motherhood. Further, she highlights the rights and well-being of the children affected by their mothers’ death sentences, revealing flaws in our legal and ethical systems. With the overall aim of advocating for its abolition due to its significant impact on both parenthood and children’s rights, her article seeks to push for reforms that honour motherhood and prioritize children’s well-being in these difficult circumstances.

Kenaya Komba dissects gender disparity in the judicial system by exploring the intersection of domestic violence and the death penalty. In making a case for a restorative approach to justice, her article analyses the impact of capital punishment on victims of domestic violence and the systemic injustice and biases they continue to grapple with. Her elaborate analysis of the Constitution of Kenya, 2010 and the Protection Against Domestic Violence Act, 2016, highlights the urgent need for reform in the legal system.

While Analyzing the role the media plays in shaping perceptions of women on death row, Patricia Chepkirui evaluates the implications of positive and negative media portrayals of such women by highlighting the ethical responsibilities of media in the coverage of women on death row cases. The article ultimately underscores the significance of responsiblemedia coverage in ensuring that media exposure of cases of women on death row is fair,balanced, and respectful of their rights and dignity.

Alex Tamei delves into the intricacies of abuse, gender-based violence, and trauma as mitigating factors in death penalty sentencing for women. His article comparatively analyses two Kenyan cases of murder in retaliation to intimate partner violence, seeking to shed light on the plight of victims of gender-based violence. The article effortlessly brings out the nexus between the death penalty and intimate partner violence and makessolid recommendations for change.

The fifth author, Patience Chepchirchir, delves into the nexus between psychological abuse and provocation. Through her article, she brings out the scope of psychological abuse while focusing on the linkage between emotional abuse and provocation and how the same can be considered as mitigating factors. Through an elaborate analysis of case law, she makes a case for psychological abuse of women as a mitigating circumstance during sentencing.

Stella Cherono’s article reflects on the intersectional discrimination faced by women in the criminal trial process leading to death row. The article highlights the complex and overlapping forms of discrimination women experience during the pretrial, trial and sentencing stages. Through her comprehensive analysis of gendered pathways to offending and imprisonment, she challenges how society perceives discrimination.

Loraine Koskei Interrogates the emerging jurisprudence on Intimate Partner Violence.Her article lays out the gendered factor in the commissioning and sentencing of women convicted of murder and offers possible recommendations.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list Kenya
• Themes list Death Row Conditions  / Fair Trial / Gender / Women

Published in October 2023.

For capital punishment to be lawful in the United States of America, it must occur without cruelty, a requirement of the traditional reading of the Eighth Amendment. There has never been a consensus on what form of execution is cruel, although some historic practices are shockingly barbaric to modern sensibilities— I think of the “draw and quarter” technique. The family of the murdered victim may fairly argue that the murderous behavior should be the minimum degree of cruelty meted out. But western countries eschew that standard and seek moderate forms, partly to deter by punishment and partly as a forfeit of the murderer’s life for the victim’s life when execution is allowed in that state. Certainly, there is substantial support for continuation of execution in states that allow it. The judges must be respectful of that, but still, they must respect the 8th amendment. At present, the prevalent method of execution in the United States is “lethal injection” using injectable medicines in very high doses that are repurposed to kill the prisoner. Because it is impossible to ask an executed individual about the cruelty experienced during their own death, the state instead relies on the empathy of witnesses to gauge the cruelty of a prisoner’s execution. Lethal injection was expected to be a bloodless execution and aimed to eliminate the visible appearance of cruelty, sometimes through the use of a paralytic.

• Document type Academic Article
• Countries list United States

Published in October 2023.

The most commonly observed fact of American capital punishment is its present outlier status: the United States (U.S.) is the only developed Western democracy that retains the death penalty, and it does so not simply as a matter of law, but as a matter of practice, conducting numerous executions every year. This “exceptionalism” with respect to the death penalty is noteworthy, but focusing on present-day American retention obscures many additional aspects of American death penalty exceptionalism. This Keynote will trace several ways in which the American death penalty was an outlier at its founding and throughout its subsequent history, as well as the varied aspects of its exceptionalism today. I will conclude by predicting that U.S. exceptionalism will soon come to an end–with an “exceptional” form of death penalty abolition, traceable to the distinctive path of the American death penalty

• Document type Academic Article
• Countries list United States

Published on October 12, 2023.

In the seminal Furman v. Georgia case from 1972, the U.S. Supreme Court (in effect) invalidated all death penalty statutes then inforce in American jurisdictions. After many states went back to their legislative drawing boards, some of the revised statutes were approved by the Court in 1976. At that time, Gallup found that 66 percent of the American public supported the death penalty, while 26 percent stood opposed. While support grew to 80 percent in 1994, a recent Gallup Poll from October 2022 shows that this figure has dropped to 55 percent. Recently, only 36 percent of Americans still support the death penalty given the alternative punishment of life imprisonment.

• Document type Academic Article
• Countries list United States

Published in 2023.

This article is the first in a series that will systematically explore how gender has affected the criminal proceedings of women currently on death row. For this inaugural article, we have undertaken the first—and, to our knowledge, only comprehensive analysis of gender-based violence (“GBV”) in the lives of all women currently on death row, examining the prevalence of GBV and how it has shaped the lives and affected the criminal prosecutions of women facing execution. Our research reveals, for the first time, that almost every woman on death row in the United States has experienced GBV. Indeed,the great majority have experienced more than one incident of GBV in their lifetime. Our findings align with previous studies demonstrating that women’s pathways to incarceration are paved with physical, sexual, and psychological abuse. Our research further shows that both in the United States and around the world, defense attorneys frequently fail to present evidence of GBV in women’s capital trials. When they do introduce such evidence, they fail to fully explain the nature of their clients’ victimization and the harm they have suffered as a result. Moreover, prosecutors frequently rely on gendered tropes to discredit women’s accounts of violence such as childhood sexual abuse, rape, and intimate partner violence. Consequently, those who sentence women to die rarely comprehend the extensive trauma that the women have endured throughout their lives, and how that trauma relates to their legal and moral culpability.

• Document type Academic Article
• Themes list Gender / Women

Published in 2023.

While 70% of the world’s countries have abolished the death penalty, also known as capital punishment, much of the United States continues to use it in its criminal legal proceedings.According to the Death Penalty Information Center, at least 190 people were exonerated prior to their fated execution date after being wrongly convicted and sentenced to death in the United States. There is no way to tell how many of the 1,562 people, who have been executed in the United States, were actually innocent. As there are wrongful convictions still happening today, it is no surprise that most countries consider the death penalty a human rights issue.

• Document type Academic Article
• Countries list United States

Published in 2023.

This article assesses whether there is evidence to suggest that the UPR can influence the timing of a country’s decision to abolish the death penalty. The evidence arises out of the examination of thirty case studies of countries that abolished the death penalty, or ratifiedthe leading treaty calling for abolition. This article concludes that in some circumstances the UPR does appear to influence that timing. These conclusions can assist civil society organizations as they refine their advocacy to encourage more countries to abolish the death penalty.

Part I of this article offers an introduction to the global abolitionist movement and two of its advocacy targets: the U.N. Human Rights Council and the UPR. Part II makes the case for focusing on the UPR to assess the efficacy of U.N. advocacy. Part III describes the process of abolition and offers several theories as to how the UPR might influence a country’s trajectory toward abolition. Part IV sets out the study’s methodology and encompasses the analysis of the case studies, focusing first on countries that have abolished the death penalty early in a UPR cycle, then on countries that have abolished at mid-cycle, and finally on countries that have abolished during the tail end of the cycle. The conclusion discusses the implications of these findings for civil society organizations working toward abolition of the death penalty.

• Document type Academic Article
• Themes list Trend Towards Abolition

Published on July 2, 2023

This article focuses on the cases of 664 foreign nationals, the majority of whom are migrant workers, under sentence of death across the Gulf states (including Jordan and Lebanon) between 2016 and 2021. The features of these cases suggest that they are inextricably linked to migrant workers’ dependency under the kafala system, with examples of migrants duped into smuggling drugs across the border by their migrant broker, and once in country, accounts of violent altercations due to disputes about exit visas, and in the case of migrant domestic workers, self-defence against sexual violence. Engaging with the burgeoning literature on immigration, exploitation and criminalisation, as well as scholarship on capital punishment, this article will explore the multiple and unique layers of dependency fostered by the kafala system that place migrant workers at higher risk of the death penalty in these Gulf jurisdictions.

• Document type Academic Article
• Countries list Jordan / Kuwait / Lebanon / Qatar / Saudi Arabia / United Arab Emirates

Published on December 01, 2023.

Innocence cases dominated much of the media’s attention on death penalty cases in 2023. While these prisoners were largely unsuccessful in the courts, there was unprecedented support for their claims from state legislators, prosecutors, judges, and other elected officials, some of whom declared themselves newly disillusioned with use of the death penalty in their state. This year is the 9th consecutive year with fewer than 30 people executed (24) and fewer than 50 people sentenced to death (21, as of December 1). The 23 men and one woman who were executed in 2023 were the oldest average age (tied with 2021) and spent the longest average number of years in prison in the modern death penalty era before being executed. As in previous years, most prisoners had significant physical and mental health issues at the time of their executions, some of which can be attributed to the many years they spent in severe isolation on death row. Continued difficulties obtaining lethal injection drugs led some states to explore new, untested methods of execution or revive previously abandoned methods. Other states enacted or continued pauses on executions while the state’s method of execution was studied.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list United States
• Themes list Public Opinion 

Published on April 3, 2023.

The death penalty has gained its legitimacy from the belief that capital prosecutions are more procedurally rigorous than noncapi-tal prosecutions. This Article reveals how a project of heightened capital standards, set in motion when the Supreme Court ended and then revived the death penalty, was set up to fail.

In establishing what a constitutional death penalty would look like, the Court in 1976 called for heightened standards of reliability in capital cases. In the late 1970s and early 80s, the Supreme Court laid out specific constitutional procedures that must be applied in capital cases, and left the door open for the Eighth Amendment to do even more. In the decades that followed, state and federal courts have fueled a perception of heightened procedural rigor in capital cases by referring repeatedly to the heightened standards applica-ble in capital cases.

• Document type Article
• Countries list United States
• Themes list Fair Trial

Published on December 18, 2023.

Initial impressions of others based on facial appearances are often inaccurate yet can lead to dire outcomes. Across four studies, adult participants underwent a counterstereotype training to reduce their reliance on facial appearance in consequential social judgments of White male faces. In Studies 1 and 2, trustworthiness and sentencing judgments among control participants predicted whether real-world inmates were sentenced to death versus life in prison, but these relationships were diminished among trained participants. In Study 3, a sequential priming paradigm demonstrated that the training was able to abolish the relationship between even automatically and implicitly perceived trustworthiness and the inmates’ life-or-death sentences. Study 4 extended these results to realistic decision-making, showing that training reduced the impact of facial trustworthiness on sentencing decisions even in the presence of decision-relevant information. Overall, our findings suggest that a counterstereotype intervention can mitigate the potentially harmful effects of relying on facial appearance in consequential social judgments.

• Document type Article
• Countries list United States

Published on December 12, 2023.

In a recently published academic article, Emory University History Professor Daniel LaChance writes about an important and underrecognized distinction in the way newspaper editors and journalists covered the executions of Black and white men in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Professor LaChance argues that the portrayals of the defendants made legal executions “a high-status punishment that respected the whiteness of those who suffered it.” While the length and detail of articles about the executions of Black men shrank dramatically over time, he notes that journalists consistently highlighted the humanity of white men who were executed, making it “easier for those who wanted to project a modern image of the South to distance capital punishment from lynching, a form of violence that was becoming a source of embarrassment for respectable white Southerners.”

• Document type Article
• Countries list United States
• Themes list Public Opinion 

Published on October 7, 2023.

Of all retentionist countries, Singapore seems to be the most vocal about the need to execute individuals as a form of criminal punishment. MAI SATO (Monash University) reviews studies conducted or commissioned by Singapore’s Ministry of Home Affairs that claim public backing for and the effectiveness of the death penalty in managing drug trafficking. Sato finds that these studies provide far weaker evidence for using the death penalty for drug trafficking than their authors and officials citing them claim.

• Document type Academic report
• Countries list Singapore
• Themes list Drug Offenses

Published in December 2023.

In “Death by Design” Parts 1 and 2, Wren investigated the state of court-appointed capital representation in Harris County—the death penalty capital of the world. The second report examines why that poor representation has thrived, and the ways that the judges overseeing those cases have enabled it to continue that way.

Wren recommends a total overhaul to the system of capital representation for poor defendants in Harris County, with either the public defender absorbing those cases or the judges establishing a new, freestanding capital public defender that is independent from judicial oversight.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list United States
• Themes list Legal Representation

Published in December 2023.

In “Death by Design” Parts 1 and 2, Wren investigated the state of court-appointed capital representation in Harris County—the death penalty capital of the world.The first report delves into the failings of the lawyers in capital cases.

Wren recommends a total overhaul to the system of capital representation for poor defendants in Harris County, with either the public defender absorbing those cases or the judges establishing a new, freestanding capital public defender that is independent from judicial oversight.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list United States
• Themes list Legal Representation

22 يناير، 2024

ترى المنظمة الأوروبية السعودية لحقوق الإنسان أن 2023 أظهرت التخبط في استخدام السعودية لعقوبة الإعدام. فإلى جانب التغير في أنواع الأحكام المنفذة بدون سبب واضح، وتنفيذ أحكام إعدام بتهم مخدرات، والاستخفاف بالآراء القانونية الدولية، تظهر الأرقام المرتفعة إصرار السعودية على استخدام عقوبة الإعدام دون روادع.

نفذت المملكة العربية السعودية في عام 2023، 172 حكم إعدام بحسب بيانات وزارة الداخلية التي تنشرها وكالة الأنباء الرسمية. عدد الإعدامات أكبر ب 15% من العدد الذي كانت وزارة الداخلية قد أعلنت عنه في 2022، حيث تم رصد 147 حكم، على الرغم من تنفيذ إعدام جماعي طال 81 شخصا في 2022.

نفذت المملكة العربية السعودية في عام 2023، 172 حكم إعدام بحسب بيانات وزارة الداخلية التي تنشرها وكالة الأنباء الرسمية. عدد الإعدامات أكبر ب 15% من العدد الذي كانت وزارة الداخلية قد أعلنت عنه في 2022، حيث تم رصد 147 حكم، على الرغم من تنفيذ إعدام جماعي طال 81 شخصا في 2022.

• Document type تقرير منظمة غير حكومية
• Countries list Saudi Arabia

Published on 22 January، 2024.

The European Saudi Organization for Human Rights views 2023 as a year that demonstrated Saudi Arabia’s inconsistency in using the death penalty. Besides the unexplained shift in the types of executed sentences, the implementation of death sentences for drug-related charges, and the disregard for international legal opinions, the high numbers indicate Saudi Arabia’s determination to use the death penalty without restraint.

In Saudi Arabia in 2023, 172 executions were carried out according to data from the Ministry of Interior published by the official news agency. The number of executions increased by 15% compared to the figure announced by the Ministry of Interior in 2022, where 147 sentences were reported, despite the mass execution of 81 individuals in 2022.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list Saudi Arabia

Un regard déchirant sur la vie des femmes condamnées et les failles du système judiciaire américain. Aux Etats-Unis, 54 femmes « attendent » l’exécution de leur peine. Linda Carty et Melissa Lucio sont emprisonnées au Texas, Shawna Forde en Arizona. Elles se livrent. Parmi les prisonnières, certaines espèrent la révision de leur procès.

• Document type Multimedia content
• Countries list United States
• Themes list Death Row Conditions  / Gender / Women

國際法和各國法律禁止對精神病人或發展和智能障礙者判處死刑，因為他們在 自我辯護時面臨特殊阻礙;有限的道德可非難性;及其理解死刑執行性質和原 因之能力下降。然而，由於在刑事訴訟程序缺乏調整(accommodation)和法律 保障，精神病人、發展和智能障礙者更可能遭剝奪公平審判權，並判處死刑。 此外如研究顯示，個人遭判處死刑、囚於死牢時，往往罹患精神疾病。死刑不 成比例地影響身心發展和智能障礙者。在防免精神病人、發展和智能障礙者判 處死刑，精神科醫師影響至關重大。除評估並告知法院有可能被判處或執行死 刑者之個人精神狀態，精神科醫師亦結合醫學與科學論據，協同制定相關法 律;精神科醫師亦為死刑犯和精神病人、發展和智能障礙者提供治療。職是， 本聲明旨在防免對精神病人或發展和智能障礙者判處死刑。

作者:
Maitreyi Misra，國立德里法律大學 (National Law University Delhi) 39A 專案 主任 (專攻心理健康和刑事司法)。
Namrata Sinha，國立德里法律大學 39A 專案研究助理 (心理健康和刑事司 法)。
Neeraj Gill，坎培拉大學健康研究所研究員 (Health Research Institute, University of Canberra)、格里菲斯大學藥學院 (Griffith University, School of Medicine，澳洲黃金海岸)。
Soumitra Pathare，精神醫學諮詢專家，印度法律社會學院心理健康法律和政 策中心主任(Director, Centre for Mental Health Law and Policy, ILS Law College，浦那 Pune)。
Afzal Javed，世界精神醫學會主席。

• Document type Array
• Themes list Fair Trial / Intellectual Disability
• Available languages World Psychiatric Association position statement mental health and the death penalty

International law and laws of various countries prohibit the imposition of the death penalty on persons
with mental illness or developmental and intellectual disabilities due to the special barriers faced by
them in defending themselves; their limited moral culpability; and their diminished ability to
understand the nature and reason for their execution. However, due to lack of accommodations in
criminal proceedings and legal safeguards, persons with mental illness, developmental and intellectual
disabilities are at a greater risk of being sentenced to death and having their fair trial rights denied.

Authors:
Maitreyi Misra, Director (Mental Health and Criminal Justice), Project 39A, National Law University
Delhi.
Namrata Sinha, Research Associate (Mental Health and Criminal Justice), Project 39A, National Law
University Delhi.
Neeraj Gill, Professor, Health Research Institute, University of Canberra and Griffith University,
School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.
Soumitra Pathare, Consultant Psychiatrist, Director, Centre for Mental Health Law and Policy, ILS
Law College, Pune.
Afzal Javed, President, World Psychiatric Association.

• Document type Arguments against the death penalty
• Themes list Fair Trial / Intellectual Disability
• Available languages 世界精神醫學會針對精神健康與死刑之立場聲明

منشور بمناسبة اليوم العالمي الحادي والعشرين لمناهضة عقوبة الإعدام (2023) حول التعذيب وعقوبة الإعدام.

• Document type Array
• Available languages Leaflet - World Day 2023Brochure - Journée mondiale 2023

Fiche détaillée sur le lien entre la torture et la peine de mort, à
l’occasion de la 21e Journée mondiale contre la peine de mort.

• Document type Campagnes / Coalition mondiale
• Available languages Detailed Factsheet - World Day 2023

Detailed factsheet on the link between torture and the death penalty, to mark the 21st World Day against the Death Penalty.Detailed factsheet on the link between torture and the death penalty, to mark the 21st World Day against the Death Penalty.

• Document type Campaigning / World Coalition
• Available languages Fiche détaillée - Journée mondiale 2023

• Document type World Coalition

• Document type Coalition mondiale
• Themes list Gender
• Available languages Leaflet Women and the Death Penalty

• Document type World Coalition
• Themes list Gender
• Available languages Brochure femme et peine de mort

• Document type Coalition mondiale
• Themes list Gender
• Available languages Leaflet LGBTQIA+ people and the Death Penalty

• Document type World Coalition
• Themes list Gender
• Available languages Brochure personnes LGBTQIA+ et peine de mort

Les individus et les organisations non-gouvernementales (ONG) peuvent collaborer de plusieurs manières avec les Nations unies pour signaler des cas de violations des droits humains. L’une d’entre elles consiste à saisir les procédures spéciales du Conseil des droits de l’Homme (CDH) des Nations unies. Découvrez comment travailler avec elles ici.

• Document type Coalition mondiale
• Available languages UN Special Procedures toolkit - World Day 2023

There are several ways in which individuals and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) can work with the UN to report human rights violations. One way is through the special procedures of the UN Human Rights Council (HRC). Find out how to work with them here.

• Document type World Coalition
• Available languages Travailler avec les Procédures spéciales des Nations unies - Journée mondiale 2023

Since 1976, over forty percent of prisoners executed in American jails have been African American or Hispanic. This trend shows little evidence of diminishing, and follows a larger pattern of the violent criminalization of African American populations that has marked the country’s history of punishment.

In a bold attempt to tackle the looming question of how and why the connection between race and the death penalty has been so strong throughout American history, Ogletree and Sarat headline an interdisciplinary cast of experts in reflecting on this disturbing issue. Insightful original essays approach the topic from legal, historical, cultural, and social science perspectives to show the ways that the death penalty is racialized, the places in the death penalty process where race makes a difference, and the ways that meanings of race in the United States are constructed in and through our practices of capital punishment.

From Lynch Mobs to the Killing State not only uncovers the ways that race influences capital punishment, but also attempts to situate the linkage between race and the death penalty in the history of this country, in particular the history of lynching. In its probing examination of how and why the connection between race and the death penalty has been so strong throughout American history, this book forces us to consider how the death penalty gives meaning to race as well as why the racialization of the death penalty is uniquely American.

• Document type Book
• Countries list United States

At the start of the twenty-first century, America is in the midst of a profound national reconsideration of the death penalty. There has been a dramatic decline in the number of people being sentenced to death as well as executed, exonerations have become common, and the number of states abolishing the death penalty is on the rise. The essays featured in The Road to Abolition? track this shift in attitudes toward capital punishment, and consider whether or not the death penalty will ever be abolished in America.The interdisciplinary group of experts gathered by Charles J. Ogletree Jr., and Austin Sarat ask and attempt to answer the hard questions that need to be addressed if the death penalty is to be abolished. Will the death penalty end only to be replaced with life in prison without parole? Will life without the possibility of parole become, in essence, the new death penalty? For abolitionists, might that be a pyrrhic victory? The contributors discuss how the death penalty might be abolished, with particular emphasis on the current debate over lethal injection as a case study on why and how the elimination of certain forms of execution might provide a model for the larger abolition of the death penalty.

• Document type Book
• Countries list United States

• Document type Coalition mondiale
• Themes list Mouvement vers l'abolition
• Available languages World Coalition Strategic Plan 2023-2027

• Document type World Coalition
• Themes list Trend Towards Abolition
• Available languages Plan Stratégique 2023-2027 de la Coalition Mondiale

• Document type World Coalition
• Themes list Trend Towards Abolition
• Available languages Impact du Plan stratégique 2018-2022 de la Coalition Mondiale

• Document type Coalition mondiale
• Themes list Mouvement vers l'abolition
• Available languages Impact of the World Coalition's Strategic Plan 2018–2022

• Document type Coalition mondiale
• Themes list Mouvement vers l'abolition
• Available languages Bylaws of the World Coalition Against the Death Penalty 2023

• Document type World Coalition
• Themes list Trend Towards Abolition
• Available languages Statuts de la Coalition mondiale contre la peine de mort 2023

• Document type World Coalition
• Themes list Trend Towards Abolition
• Available languages Rapport d'Activité de la Coalition Mondiale 2022

• Document type Coalition mondiale
• Themes list Mouvement vers l'abolition
• Available languages World Coalition Activity Report 2022

• Document type Coalition mondiale
• Themes list Mouvement vers l'abolition
• Available languages World Coalition Statutory Auditor's Report 2022

• Document type World Coalition
• Themes list Trend Towards Abolition
• Available languages Coalition Mondiale Rapport de la Commissaire aux Comptes 2022

• Document type Coalition mondiale
• Themes list Gender
• Available languages Women and Death Penalty Factsheet - World Day 2023

• Document type World Coalition
• Themes list Gender
• Available languages Faits et chiffres Les femmes et la peine de mort - 21e journée mondiale contre la peine de mort

• Document type Coalition mondiale
• Themes list Gender
• Available languages FACTS AND FIGURES LGBTQIA+ People and the Death Penalty - 21st World Day Against the Death Penalty

• Document type World Coalition
• Themes list Gender
• Available languages Faits et chiffres Les personnes LGBTQIA+ et la peine de mort - 21e journée mondiale contre la peine de mort

В настоящем докладе изложены проблемы в области прав человека при
решении мировой проблемы наркотиков в ее ключевых аспектах и борьбе с нею. В нем
также представлен обзор последних позитивных изменений, направленных на переход
к политике в отношении наркотиков, в большей степени ориентированной на
соблюдение прав человека, и даны рекомендации по дальнейшим действиям в связи с
предстоящим среднесрочным обзором Декларации министров 2019 года, а также в
целях содействия реализации Повестки дня в области устойчивого развития на период
до 2030 года.

• Document type Доклад Организации Объединенных Наций
• Themes list Drug Offenses
• Available languages التحديات الناشئئئنة لت التصئئئد لمخئئئ لة المخدرات العالمية بجميع جوان ا ومواج ت ا في التمتع بحقوق اإلنسان تقرير مفوضية األمم المتحدة السامية لحقوق اإلنسان*A/HRC/54/53: Human rights challenges in addressing and countering all aspects of the world drug problem - Report of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human RightsA/HRC/54/53: Desafíos en materia de derechos humanos a la hora de abordar y contrarrestar todos los aspectos del problema mundial de las drogas - Informe de la Oficina del Alto Comisionado de las Naciones Unidas para los Derechos HumanosA/HRC/54/53 : Enjeux en matière de droits de l’homme de la mobilisation et de la lutte contre le problème mondial de la drogue sous tous ses aspects - Rapport du Haut-Commissariat des Nations Unies aux droits de l’hommeA/HRC/54/53：全方位处理和应对世界毒品问题方面的人权挑战 - 联合国人权事务高级专员办事处的报告

The present report outlines human rights challenges in addressing and countering key
aspects of the world drug problem. It also offers an overview of recent positive developments
to shift towards more human rights-centred drug policies, and provides recommendations on
the way forward in view of the upcoming midterm review of the 2019 Ministerial Declaration
and to contribute to the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.

• Document type Academic report / United Nations report
• Themes list Drug Offenses
• Available languages التحديات الناشئئئنة لت التصئئئد لمخئئئ لة المخدرات العالمية بجميع جوان ا ومواج ت ا في التمتع بحقوق اإلنسان تقرير مفوضية األمم المتحدة السامية لحقوق اإلنسان*A/HRC/54/53: Desafíos en materia de derechos humanos a la hora de abordar y contrarrestar todos los aspectos del problema mundial de las drogas - Informe de la Oficina del Alto Comisionado de las Naciones Unidas para los Derechos HumanosA/HRC/54/53 : Enjeux en matière de droits de l’homme de la mobilisation et de la lutte contre le problème mondial de la drogue sous tous ses aspects - Rapport du Haut-Commissariat des Nations Unies aux droits de l’hommeПроблемы в области прав человека при решении мировой проблемы наркотиков во всех ее аспектах и борьбе с нею Доклад Управления Верховного комиссара Организации Объединенных Наций по правам человекаA/HRC/54/53：全方位处理和应对世界毒品问题方面的人权挑战 - 联合国人权事务高级专员办事处的报告

本报告概述了在处理和应对世界毒品问题的关键点时面临的人权挑战。报告
还简要介绍了近期在转向更加以人权为中心的毒品政策方面取得的积极进展，并
结合即将到来的《2019 年部长级宣言》中期审查，就未来方向提供建议，以促
进落实《2030 年可持续发展议程》。

• Document type 联合国报告
• Themes list Drug Offenses
• Available languages التحديات الناشئئئنة لت التصئئئد لمخئئئ لة المخدرات العالمية بجميع جوان ا ومواج ت ا في التمتع بحقوق اإلنسان تقرير مفوضية األمم المتحدة السامية لحقوق اإلنسان*A/HRC/54/53: Human rights challenges in addressing and countering all aspects of the world drug problem - Report of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human RightsA/HRC/54/53: Desafíos en materia de derechos humanos a la hora de abordar y contrarrestar todos los aspectos del problema mundial de las drogas - Informe de la Oficina del Alto Comisionado de las Naciones Unidas para los Derechos HumanosA/HRC/54/53 : Enjeux en matière de droits de l’homme de la mobilisation et de la lutte contre le problème mondial de la drogue sous tous ses aspects - Rapport du Haut-Commissariat des Nations Unies aux droits de l’hommeПроблемы в области прав человека при решении мировой проблемы наркотиков во всех ее аспектах и борьбе с нею Доклад Управления Верховного комиссара Организации Объединенных Наций по правам человека

يوجز هذا التقرير التحديات الناشئئئئئلت عن التكئئئئئدر لمشئئئئئ لت المجداات ال الم ت م جوا ب ا
ومواج ت ا في التمت حقوق اإل سئئ ئ ئ ئئئ ئالم ةما يقدع لمحت عامت عن التيو اات اإلي ال ت األنحر للتحول حو
في
سئئئ اسئئئات للمجد اات ترةز قدا أكبر علإل سقوق اإل سئئئالا ويقدع تولئئئ ات شئئئ ل سئئئب الم ئئئي قدما
ضئئ ئ ئور اسئئ ئ ئت ارة منتكئئ ئ ئال المد المقب ل ع ل الو ا ار ل اع 2019 وللمسئئئئاهمت في تنةحذ نيت التنم ت
المستدامت ل اع 2030م

• Document type تقرير للأمم المتحدة
• Themes list Drug Offenses
• Available languages A/HRC/54/53: Human rights challenges in addressing and countering all aspects of the world drug problem - Report of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human RightsA/HRC/54/53: Desafíos en materia de derechos humanos a la hora de abordar y contrarrestar todos los aspectos del problema mundial de las drogas - Informe de la Oficina del Alto Comisionado de las Naciones Unidas para los Derechos HumanosA/HRC/54/53 : Enjeux en matière de droits de l’homme de la mobilisation et de la lutte contre le problème mondial de la drogue sous tous ses aspects - Rapport du Haut-Commissariat des Nations Unies aux droits de l’hommeПроблемы в области прав человека при решении мировой проблемы наркотиков во всех ее аспектах и борьбе с нею Доклад Управления Верховного комиссара Организации Объединенных Наций по правам человекаA/HRC/54/53：全方位处理和应对世界毒品问题方面的人权挑战 - 联合国人权事务高级专员办事处的报告

En el presente informe se exponen los desafíos en materia de derechos humanos a la
hora de abordar y contrarrestar todos los aspectos fundamentales del problema mundial de
las drogas. También se ofrece una reseña de los avances positivos recientes en favor de la
adopción de políticas en materia de drogas más centradas en los derechos humanos y se
proporcionan recomendaciones sobre la manera de avanzar en vista del próximo examen de
mitad de período de la Declaración Ministerial de 2019 y para contribuir a la implementación
de la Agenda 2030 para el Desarrollo Sostenible.

• Document type Informe de las Naciones Unidas
• Themes list Drug Offenses
• Available languages التحديات الناشئئئنة لت التصئئئد لمخئئئ لة المخدرات العالمية بجميع جوان ا ومواج ت ا في التمتع بحقوق اإلنسان تقرير مفوضية األمم المتحدة السامية لحقوق اإلنسان*A/HRC/54/53: Human rights challenges in addressing and countering all aspects of the world drug problem - Report of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human RightsA/HRC/54/53 : Enjeux en matière de droits de l’homme de la mobilisation et de la lutte contre le problème mondial de la drogue sous tous ses aspects - Rapport du Haut-Commissariat des Nations Unies aux droits de l’hommeПроблемы в области прав человека при решении мировой проблемы наркотиков во всех ее аспектах и борьбе с нею Доклад Управления Верховного комиссара Организации Объединенных Наций по правам человекаA/HRC/54/53：全方位处理和应对世界毒品问题方面的人权挑战 - 联合国人权事务高级专员办事处的报告

On trouvera dans le présent rapport un exposé des enjeux en matière de droits de
l’homme de la mobilisation et de la lutte contre le problème mondial de la drogue dans ses
principaux aspects, ainsi qu’un aperçu des évolutions positives récentes dans la transition
vers des politiques en matière de drogue plus axées sur les droits de l’homme. Des
recommandations sont formulées sur la voie à suivre en vue de l’examen à mi-parcours de la
Déclaration ministérielle de 2019 et sur les mesures à prendre pour contribuer à la réalisation
du Programme de développement durable à l’horizon 2030.

• Document type Rapport des Nations Unies
• Themes list Drug Offenses
• Available languages التحديات الناشئئئنة لت التصئئئد لمخئئئ لة المخدرات العالمية بجميع جوان ا ومواج ت ا في التمتع بحقوق اإلنسان تقرير مفوضية األمم المتحدة السامية لحقوق اإلنسان*A/HRC/54/53: Human rights challenges in addressing and countering all aspects of the world drug problem - Report of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human RightsA/HRC/54/53: Desafíos en materia de derechos humanos a la hora de abordar y contrarrestar todos los aspectos del problema mundial de las drogas - Informe de la Oficina del Alto Comisionado de las Naciones Unidas para los Derechos HumanosПроблемы в области прав человека при решении мировой проблемы наркотиков во всех ее аспектах и борьбе с нею Доклад Управления Верховного комиссара Организации Объединенных Наций по правам человекаA/HRC/54/53：全方位处理和应对世界毒品问题方面的人权挑战 - 联合国人权事务高级专员办事处的报告

En 2021, la 19ème édition de la Journée mondiale contre la peine de mort (« Journée mondiale » du 10 octobre) a été consacrée à la réalité invisible des femmes dans le couloir de la mort, accroissant ainsi la disponibilité de nouvelles données sur la question. Pour préparer cette Journée mondiale, de nombreux membres de la Coalition mondiale contre la peine de mort (« Coalition mondiale ») ont mené des recherches pour documenter la situation des femmes confrontées à la peine de mort dans leur pays. Pour systématiser les informations récoltées et avoir une vision globale sur les données existantes concernant les femmes condamnées à mort dans le monde, la Coalition mondiale a réalisé un exercice de systématisation de données.
Ce bref rapport présente les principales conclusions de cet exercice qui doivent être considérées comme une compilation des données existantes dont disposent la Coalition mondiale contre la peine de mort et ses
organisations membres jusqu’en décembre 2022.

• Document type Rapport d'ONG
• Themes list Gender
• Available languages Data Mapping: Women on Death Row

In 2021, the 19th edition of the World Day Against the Death Penalty (“World Day” on October 10) was dedicated to the invisible reality of women on death row, paving the way for new data on the issue of women sentenced to death. Many members of the World Coalition Against the Death Penalty (“World Coalition”), in preparation for 10 October, conducted research to document the situations of women facing the death penalty around the world. To systematize the information collected and have a global understanding of women sentenced to death, the World Coalition conducted a data systematization exercise.
This short report presents the main conclusions of this country exercise. These findings are a compilation of existing data available to the World Coalition Against the Death Penalty and its members organization up to December 2022.

• Document type NGO report
• Themes list Gender
• Available languages Cartographie de données : les femmes dans le couloir de la mort

As part of the integration of a gender and intersectional approach into its strategy, the World Coalition Against the Death Penalty (World Coalition) decided to develop a glossary to identify and define the key terms of which the abolitionist movement should be aware to consider gender and other axes of intersectional discrimination at work in the capital punishment process, and more broadly to mainstream gender into their abolitionist work. This glossary was developed based on existing glossaries of World Coalition members on closely related topics, existing international definitions and standards established by international human rightsmechanisms as well as based on definitions written by international organizations specializing inwomen’s rights and LGBTQIA+ people’s rights.This glossary aims to support the abolitionist movement in recognizing the gender and intersectional biases at work in the judicial process leading to the death penalty and to contribute to the developmentof a common language around these issues, a process initiated a few years ago by members of theWorld Coalition Against such as the Cornell Center on the Death Penalty Worldwide. Moreover, this glossary also aims to promote the integration of a gender approach into the internal workings o fabolitionist organizations.

• Document type World Coalition
• Themes list Gender
• Available languages Glossaire Genre et Peine de mort

Dans le cadre de l’intégration d’une approche sensible au genre et intersectionnelle dans sa stratégie,la Coalition mondiale contre la peine de mort (Coalition mondiale) a décidé d’élaborer un glossaire afin d’identifier et de clarifier les définitions clés que le mouvement abolitionniste doit connaître pour prendre en compte le genre et la discrimination intersectionnelle à l’œuvre dans le processus de la peine capitale et, plus largement, intégrer une approche sensible au genre dans ses activités abolitionnistes. Ce glossaire a été élaboré sur la base des glossaires existants de membres de la Coalition mondiale sur des sujets étroitement liés, des définitions internationales existantes et des normes établies par les mécanismes internationaux des droits humains, ainsi que sur la base de définitions rédigées par desorganisations internationales spécialisées dans les droits des femmes et des personnes LGBTQIA+. Ce glossaire vise à aider le mouvement abolitionniste à reconnaître les biais de genre et intersectionnels à l’œuvre dans le processus judiciaire menant à la peine de mort et à contribuer au développement d’un langage commun autour de ces questions, un processus entamé il y a quelques années par des membres de la Coalition mondiale contre la peine de mort tels que le Cornell Center on the Death Penalty Worldwide. En outre, ce glossaire vise également à promouvoir l’intégration d’une approche de genre au sein du fonctionnement interne des organisations abolitionnistes

• Document type Coalition mondiale
• Themes list Gender
• Available languages Gender and Death Penalty Glossary

Cet outil a été élaboré par la Coalition Mondiale contre la peine de mort (Coalition Mondiale) en
partenariat avec The Avocates for Human Rights (TAHR), après qu’eut été constatée une faible insertion
des enjeux de genre au sein du plaidoyer abolitionniste mené par les organisations membres de la Coalition
Mondiale. Cet outil a également été nourrit par le groupe de travail genre de la Coalition Mondiale.
Dans le cadre du projet « Ne laisser aucune femme dans le couloir de la mort », cet outil vise à accompagner
les membres de la Coalition Mondiale et ses partenaires à mettre en œuvre un plaidoyer abolitionniste
sensible au genre.
Ce document, qui se veut un outil pratique, fournit des conseils sur la façon d’insérer, dans un plaidoyer
abolitionniste auprès des instances des droits humains, des recommandations propres aux enjeux de
genre. Cet outil se concentre sur les recommandations faites par les organisations de la société civile (OSC)
aux organes internationaux et régionaux de défense des droits humains, dans le but d’encourager les
autorités nationales à adopter un comportement particulier. Les mécanismes et organes de défense des
droits humains sont des acteurs essentiels pour légitimer et soutenir le travail des OSC sur le terrain. Les
recommandations formulées par des OSC peuvent, à leur tour, être acceptées par un mécanisme spécial
des droits humains et se transformer en une recommandation officielle pour l’État. À partir de là, les OSC
peuvent continuer à utiliser cette recommandation officielle dans leur plaidoyer national afin de renforcer
leur revendication et leur position, réalisant ainsi un cercle vertueux dans le travail de plaidoyer.
Dans ce document, l’ensemble des recommandations sont faites en attendant l’abolition totale de la peine
de mort. Elles sont considérées comme des étapes transitoires devant mener à une abolition totale de la
peine de mort, en droit et en pratique.

• Document type Lobby
• Themes list Gender
• Available languages How to Insert Gender issues in Abolitionist Advocacy?

This tool was developed by the World Coalition Against the Death Penalty (World Coalition) in partnership with the Advocates for Human Rights (TAHR), after noting the limited integration of gender issues into the abolitionist advocacy of the World Coalition’s member organizations. This tool has also been edited and enrichened by the World Coalition’s Gender Working Group.
As part of the “Leave No Woman Behind on Death Row” project, this tool aims to assist World Coalition members and partners in implementing gender-sensitive abolitionist advocacy.
In this document, intended to be a practical tool, guidance is provided on how to incorporate gender-specific recommendations into abolitionist advocacy with human rights bodies. This tool focuses recommendations made by civil society organizations (CSOs) to international and regional human rights bodies, intended to encourage national authorities to act in a certain way. Human rights mechanisms and bodies serve as crucial actors in legitimizing and supporting CSOs work on the ground. A recommendation made by a CSO can, in turn, be accepted by a human rights special mechanism and be transformed into an official recommendation to the State. From there, CSOs can continue to use this official recommendation in their national advocacy to strengthen their claim and position, fulfilling a virtuous circle in advocacy work.
In this document, the recommendations made are done pending full abolition of the death penalty. They are seen as transitional steps towards full abolition of the death penalty in law and in practice.
This tool is divided into two sections. The first part focuses on how to increase visibility of the discrimination faced by women in the judicial process leading to the death penalty. The second part focuses on the discrimination faced by LGBTQIA+ people during the same judicial process. In both sections, definitions are provided as well as background information in order to understand the issues at stake in each of the themes.

• Document type Lobbying
• Themes list Gender
• Available languages Comment insérer les questions de genre dans le plaidoyer abolitionniste ?

Ce kit de ratification est à destination des décideur·e·s politiques et donne la procédure de ratification ainsi que les arguments pour convaincre le gouvernement d’adopter le deuxième Protocole facultatif se rapportant au Pacte international relatif aux droits civils et politiques, visant à abolir la peine de mort. Les gouvernements n’ont habituellement pas de connaissances approfondies du Protocole. Ce matériel peut contenir des réponses aux questions qui vous seront adressées lors de vos actions de lobbying.

• Document type Lobby
• Countries list Samoa
• Available languages Ratification Kit - Samoa

This Ratification Kit is designed for government decision-makers. It gives the procedure to ratify or accede to the Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty, and arguments to convince target countries to endorse it. Governments are not likely to have an expert understanding of the Second Optional Protocol. This document may contain answers to government concerns that will be addressed to you during your lobbying action.

• Document type Lobbying
• Countries list Zambia
• Available languages Kit de ratification - Zambie

This Ratification Kit is designed for government decision-makers. It gives the procedure to ratify or accede to the Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty, and arguments to convince target countries to endorse it. Governments are not likely to have an expert understanding of the Second Optional Protocol. This document may contain answers to government concerns that will be addressed to you during your lobbying action.

• Document type Lobbying
• Countries list Central African Republic
• Available languages Kit de ratification - République Centrafricaine

Este kit de ratificación está destinado a los encargados de la formulación de políticas y proporciona el procedimiento de ratificación y los argumentos para convencer al gobierno de que adopte el Segundo Protocolo Facultativo del Pacto Internacional de Derechos Civiles y Políticos, destinado a abolir la pena de muerte. Por lo general, los gobiernos no conocen a fondo el Protocolo Americano. Este material puede contener respuestas a las preguntas que se le harán durante sus esfuerzos de cabildeo.

• Document type Array
• Available languages Ratification Kit - GhanaKit de ratification - Ghana

Ce kit de ratification est à destination des décideur·e·s politiques et donne la procédure de ratification ainsi que les arguments pour convaincre le gouvernement d’adopter le deuxième Protocole facultatif se rapportant au Pacte international relatif aux droits civils et politiques, visant à abolir la peine de mort. Les gouvernements n’ont habituellement pas de connaissances approfondies du Protocole. Ce matériel peut contenir des réponses aux questions qui vous seront adressées lors de vos actions de lobbying.

• Document type Lobby
• Countries list Zambia
• Available languages Ratification Kit - Zambia

Ce kit de ratification est à destination des décideur·e·s politiques et donne la procédure de ratification ainsi que les arguments pour convaincre le gouvernement d’adopter le deuxième Protocole facultatif se rapportant au Pacte international relatif aux droits civils et politiques, visant à abolir la peine de mort. Les gouvernements n’ont habituellement pas de connaissances approfondies du Protocole. Ce matériel peut contenir des réponses aux questions qui vous seront adressées lors de vos actions de lobbying.

• Document type Lobby
• Countries list Central African Republic
• Available languages Ratification Kit - Central African Republic

Ce kit de ratification est à destination des décideur·e·s politiques et donne la procédure de ratification ainsi que les arguments pour convaincre le gouvernement d’adopter le deuxième Protocole facultatif se rapportant au Pacte international relatif aux droits civils et politiques, visant à abolir la peine de mort. Les gouvernements n’ont habituellement pas de connaissances approfondies du Protocole. Ce matériel peut contenir des réponses aux questions qui vous seront adressées lors de vos actions de lobbying.

• Document type Array
• Available languages Ratification Kit - GhanaKit de Ratificación - Ghana

This Ratification Kit is designed for government decision-makers. It gives the procedure to ratify or accede to the Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty, and arguments to convince target countries to endorse it. Governments are not likely to have an expert understanding of the Second Optional Protocol. This document may contain answers to government concerns that will be addressed to you during your lobbying action.

• Document type Array
• Available languages Kit de Ratificación - GhanaKit de ratification - Ghana

Ce kit de ratification est à destination des décideur·e·s politiques et donne la procédure de ratification ainsi que les arguments pour convaincre le gouvernement d’adopter le deuxième Protocole facultatif se rapportant au Pacte international relatif aux droits civils et politiques, visant à abolir la peine de mort. Les gouvernements n’ont habituellement pas de connaissances approfondies du Protocole. Ce matériel peut contenir des réponses aux questions qui vous seront adressées lors de vos actions de lobbying.

• Document type Lobby
• Countries list Papua New Guinea
• Available languages Ratification Kit - Papua New Guinea

This Ratification Kit is designed for government decision-makers. It gives the procedure to ratify or accede to the Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty, and arguments to convince target countries to endorse it. Governments are not likely to have an expert understanding of the Second Optional Protocol. This document may contain answers to government concerns that will be addressed to you during your lobbying action.

• Document type Lobbying
• Countries list Papua New Guinea
• Available languages Kit de ratification - Papouasie Nouvelle-Guinée

Le présent rapport porte sur l’utilisation judiciaire de la peine de mort pour la période allant de janvier à décembre 2022. Amnesty International se limite à faire état des exécutions, des condamnations à mort et de certains autres aspects de l’utilisation de la peine de mort tels que les commutations et les déclarations d’innocence, lorsque les informations dont elle dispose ont été raisonnablement confirmées. Dans de nombreux pays, le gouvernement s’abstient de publier des données sur l’application qu’il fait de la peine de mort.

• Document type Rapport d'ONG
• Available languages 2022 منظمة العفو الدولية أحكام وعمليات الإعدام فيAmnesty International Global Report : Death Sentences and Executions 2022Informe Global de Amnistía Internacional : Condenas a muerte y ejecuciones 2022國際特赦組織 2022全球死刑報告

Ce document a été élaboré par le Secrétariat de la Coalition mondiale contre la peine de mort avec l’aide substantielle d’organisations membres, notamment le Centre Abdorrahman Boroumand, Amnesty International, le Cornell Center on the Death Penalty Worldwide, le Collectif français “Libérons Mumia !”, la Coalition allemande contre la peine de mort, Justice Project Pakistan, Parliamentarians […]

• Document type Campagnes / Coalition mondiale
• Available languages TESTIMONIES- 21 st World Day Against the Death Penalty

This document has been compiled by the Secretariat of the World Coalition Against the Death Penalty with substantial aid from member organizations, including Abdorrahman Boroumand Center, Amnesty International, Cornell Center on the Death Penalty Worldwide, Free Mumia ! French Support Group (Collectif français “Libérons Mumia !”), German Coalition Against the Death Penalty, Justice Project Pakistan, […]

• Document type Campaigning / World Coalition
• Available languages TEMOIGNAGES - 21ème Journée mondiale contre la peine de mort

• Document type Campaigning / World Coalition

• Document type Campaigning / World Coalition

• Document type Campaigning / World Coalition

• Document type Campaigning / World Coalition

• Document type Campaigning / World Coalition

• Document type Campaigning / World Coalition

• Document type Campaigning / World Coalition

• Document type Campaigning / World Coalition

• Document type 世界联盟 / 活动
• Available languages 2023 ملصق اليوم العال مPoster 21st World Day Against the Death PenaltyPoster Spanish – 2023 Día Mundial contra la Pena de MuertePoster Farsi 2023 – بیستمین روز جهانی علیهمجازات مرگPoster 21ème Journée Mondiale contre la peine de mortPoster Russian 2023 — 21-Й ВСЕМИРНЫЙ ДЕНЬ БОРЬБЫ ПРОТИВ СМЕРТНОЙ КАЗНИ

• Document type ائتلاف جهانی / مبارزات انتخاباتی
• Available languages 2023 ملصق اليوم العال مPoster 21st World Day Against the Death PenaltyPoster Spanish – 2023 Día Mundial contra la Pena de MuertePoster 21ème Journée Mondiale contre la peine de mortPoster Russian 2023 — 21-Й ВСЕМИРНЫЙ ДЕНЬ БОРЬБЫ ПРОТИВ СМЕРТНОЙ КАЗНИPoster Chinese 2023- 第21个世界反对死刑日

• Document type Всемирная Коалиция / Кампании
• Available languages 2023 ملصق اليوم العال مPoster 21st World Day Against the Death PenaltyPoster Spanish – 2023 Día Mundial contra la Pena de MuertePoster Farsi 2023 – بیستمین روز جهانی علیهمجازات مرگPoster 21ème Journée Mondiale contre la peine de mortPoster Chinese 2023- 第21个世界反对死刑日

• Document type Campaigning / Coalición mundial
• Available languages 2023 ملصق اليوم العال مPoster 21st World Day Against the Death PenaltyPoster Farsi 2023 – بیستمین روز جهانی علیهمجازات مرگPoster 21ème Journée Mondiale contre la peine de mortPoster Russian 2023 — 21-Й ВСЕМИРНЫЙ ДЕНЬ БОРЬБЫ ПРОТИВ СМЕРТНОЙ КАЗНИPoster Chinese 2023- 第21个世界反对死刑日

• Document type التحالف العالمي / حملات
• Available languages Poster 21st World Day Against the Death PenaltyPoster Spanish – 2023 Día Mundial contra la Pena de MuertePoster Farsi 2023 – بیستمین روز جهانی علیهمجازات مرگPoster 21ème Journée Mondiale contre la peine de mortPoster Russian 2023 — 21-Й ВСЕМИРНЫЙ ДЕНЬ БОРЬБЫ ПРОТИВ СМЕРТНОЙ КАЗНИPoster Chinese 2023- 第21个世界反对死刑日

ICDP announces the launch of its latest report: Children, Youth and the Death Penalty. The issue of how the death penalty affects children and youth is often ignored by policy makers. This report aims to change that by putting the protection of children’s rights at the center of the debate on the death penalty.

The report builds on the panel discussion titled “Youth and the Death Penalty,” which was organized by the International Commission against the Death Penalty (ICDP) and the Government of Australia. The discussion was held on 29 June 2022, at the sidelines of the 50th session of the UN Human Rights Council, in Geneva.

• Document type NGO report
• Themes list Juveniles

This report explores the current issues with capital punishment in Tennessee through a historical lens, tracing the origins of the use of the death penalty from lynchings and other forms of racial violence directed at Black Tennesseans. The stories of individuals and communities that have interacted with different facets of Tennessee’s justice system throughout history suggest that, in many ways, even though centuries have passed, the experiences of discrimination toward Tennessee’s communities of color continue. A meaningful understanding of the state’s history and its legacy of violence and racism is essential to avoid repeating the mistakes of the past.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list United States
• Themes list Fair Trial

Brochure pour la 21e Journée mondiale contre la peine de mort, sur le lien entre la torture et la peine de mort.

• Document type Campagnes / Coalition mondiale
• Available languages كتيب - اليوم العالمي 2023Leaflet - World Day 2023

Leaflet for the 21th World Day against the death penalty (2023), on torture and the death penalty.

• Document type Campaigning / World Coalition
• Available languages كتيب - اليوم العالمي 2023Brochure - Journée mondiale 2023

Depuis 21 ans, la Coalition mondiale contre la peine de mort appelle à des initiatives locales et à des actions mondiales qui mettent en lumière l’abolition de la peine de mort. Le but de ce kit de mobilisation est d’informer sur les objectifs de cette Journée mondiale et de fournir des idées d’activités qui renforcent l’objectif abolitionniste mondial. Cette année, la Journée mondiale est consacrée aux personnes qui, durant le processus de condamnation à mort, ou après la condamnation à mort, ont été victimes de torture.

• Document type Campagnes / Coalition mondiale
• Available languages Mobilization Kit World Day 2023

For the 21th year in a row, the World Coalition Against the Death Penalty is calling for local initiatives and world-wide actions that shine a spotlight on the abolition of the death penalty. The goal of this Mobilization Kit is to inform of this year’s objectives as well provide ideas of activities that boost the global abolitionist goal. This year’s World Day is dedicated to people who, during the process of being sentenced to death, or following the sentence of their death, have been victims of torture.

• Document type Campaigning / World Coalition
• Available languages Kit de mobilisation Journée mondiale 2023

Le 10 octobre 2021, la Coalition mondiale et les abolitionnistes du monde entier ont célébré la 20ème Journée mondiale contre la peine de mort (« Journée mondiale »). Chaque année, lors de la Journée mondiale, la Coalition mondiale met en lumière un aspect spécifique de la peine de mort.

• Document type Campagnes / Coalition mondiale
• Available languages 2022 World Day Report

On 10 October 2022, the World Coalition and abolitionists around the world celebrated the 20th World Day Against the Death Penalty (‘World Day’). Every year on World Day, the World Coalition highlights one problematic aspect of the Death Penalty.

• Document type Campaigning / World Coalition
• Available languages Rapport journée mondiale 2022

Fiche sur les principaux faits et chiffres relatifs à la peine de mort dans le monde en 2022 et début 2023.

• Document type Campagnes / Coalition mondiale
• Available languages 21st World Day - Facts and Figures 2023

Find the main facts and figures regarding the death penalty worldwide in 2022 and early 2023.

• Document type Campaigning / World Coalition
• Available languages 21ème Journée Mondiale - Faits et chiffres 2023

• Document type Campagnes / Coalition mondiale
• Available languages 2023 ملصق اليوم العال مPoster 21st World Day Against the Death PenaltyPoster Spanish – 2023 Día Mundial contra la Pena de MuertePoster Farsi 2023 – بیستمین روز جهانی علیهمجازات مرگPoster Russian 2023 — 21-Й ВСЕМИРНЫЙ ДЕНЬ БОРЬБЫ ПРОТИВ СМЕРТНОЙ КАЗНИPoster Chinese 2023- 第21个世界反对死刑日

• Document type Campaigning / World Coalition
• Available languages 2023 ملصق اليوم العال مPoster Spanish – 2023 Día Mundial contra la Pena de MuertePoster Farsi 2023 – بیستمین روز جهانی علیهمجازات مرگPoster 21ème Journée Mondiale contre la peine de mortPoster Russian 2023 — 21-Й ВСЕМИРНЫЙ ДЕНЬ БОРЬБЫ ПРОТИВ СМЕРТНОЙ КАЗНИPoster Chinese 2023- 第21个世界反对死刑日

Utafiti wa Amnesty International kuhusu matumizi ya adhabu ya kifo mwaka wa 2022 ulionyesha kwambakulikuwa na ongezeko kubwa la idadi ya watu wanaojulikana kuwa walinyongwa duniani, likiwemo ongezekokubwa la watu walionyongwa kutokana na makosa yanayohusiana na dawa za kulevya

• Document type NGO report

本報告是2022年1月至12月期間各司法體系使用死刑的紀錄。如同過往年度，本報告相關資訊來自幾個不
同的來源：官方數據、法院判決、遭判決死刑之個人及其家屬和代表、媒體報導，以及來自其他公民社會

• Document type NGO report / 非政府组织报告
• Available languages 2022 منظمة العفو الدولية أحكام وعمليات الإعدام فيAmnesty International Global Report : Death Sentences and Executions 2022Informe Global de Amnistía Internacional : Condenas a muerte y ejecuciones 2022Amnesty International Rapport Mondial : Condamnations à mort et exécutions 2022

Este informe examina la aplicación judicial de la pena de muerte durante el periodo comprendido entre enero y diciembre de 2022. Amnistía Internacional informa exclusivamente sobre ejecuciones, condenas a muerte y otros aspectos del uso de la pena capital, como conmutaciones y exoneraciones, cuando hay una confirmación razonable. En muchos países, los gobiernos no publican información sobre el uso que hacen de la pena de muerte.

• Document type Informe de ONG
• Available languages 2022 منظمة العفو الدولية أحكام وعمليات الإعدام فيAmnesty International Global Report : Death Sentences and Executions 2022Amnesty International Rapport Mondial : Condamnations à mort et exécutions 2022國際特赦組織 2022全球死刑報告

ﻳﻐﻄﻲاﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮاﻟﺤﺎﻟﻲاﻟﺘﻄﺒﯿﻖاﻟﻘﻀﺎﺋﻲﻟﻌﻘﻮﺑﺔاﻹﻋﺪامﺧﻼلاﻟﻔﺘﺮةﻣﻦﻳﻨﺎﻳﺮ/ﻛﺎﻧﻮناﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲإﻟﻰدﻳﺴﻤﺒﺮ/ﻛﺎﻧﻮن
اﻷول2022.وﺟﺮﻳًﺎﻋﻠﻰﻋﺎدﺗﮫﺎﻓﻲاﻟﺴﻨﻮاتاﻟﻤﺎﺿﯿﺔ،ﻗﺎﻣﺖﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔاﻟﻌﻔﻮاﻟﺪوﻟﯿﺔﺑﺠﻤﻊاﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎتﻣﻦطﺎﺋﻔﺔ
ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻋﺔﻣﻦاﻟﻤﺼﺎدر،ﻣﻨﮫﺎ:اﻷرﻗﺎماﻟﺮﺳﻤﯿﺔاﻟﺼﺎدرةﺑﮫﺬااﻟﺨﺼﻮص؛واﻷﺣﻜﺎم؛واﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎتاﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺎةﻣﻦاﻷﻓﺮاد
اﻟﻤﺤﻜﻮمﻋﻠﯿﮫﻢﺑﺎﻹﻋﺪاموﻋﺎﺋﻼﺗﮫﻢوﻣﻤﺜﻠﯿﮫﻢ؛واﻟﺘﻘﺎرﻳﺮاﻹﻋﻼﻣﯿﺔ؛وﻋﻠﻰاﻟﻨﺤﻮاﻟﻤﺤﺪد،ﻣﻦﻣﻨﻈﻤﺎتأﺧﺮىﻣﻦ
اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊاﻟﻤﺪﻧﻲ

• Document type تقرير منظمة غير حكومية
• Available languages Amnesty International Global Report : Death Sentences and Executions 2022Informe Global de Amnistía Internacional : Condenas a muerte y ejecuciones 2022Amnesty International Rapport Mondial : Condamnations à mort et exécutions 2022國際特赦組織 2022全球死刑報告

This report covers the judicial use of the death penalty for the period January to December 2022. Amnesty International reports only on executions, death sentences and other aspects of the use of the death penalty, such as commutations and exonerations, where there is reasonable confirmation. In many countries governments do not publish information on their use of the death penalty.

• Document type NGO report
• Available languages 2022 منظمة العفو الدولية أحكام وعمليات الإعدام فيInforme Global de Amnistía Internacional : Condenas a muerte y ejecuciones 2022Amnesty International Rapport Mondial : Condamnations à mort et exécutions 2022國際特赦組織 2022全球死刑報告

Bu rapor, Ocak-Aralık 2022 dönemi için ölüm cezasının adli kullanımını kapsamaktadır. Uluslararası Af Örgütü yalnızca infazlar, ölüm cezaları ve ölüm cezasının kullanımına ilişkin diğer hususlar (cezanın hafifletilmesi ve beraat gibi) hakkında makul teyitlerin olduğu durumlarda raporlama yapmaktadır. Birçok ülkede hükümetler ölüm cezasının kullanımına ilişkin bilgi yayınlamamaktadır.

• Document type NGO report

In The Fear of Too Much Justice, legendary death penalty lawyer Stephen B. Bright and legal scholar James Kwak offer a heart-wrenching overview of how the criminal legal system fails to live up to the values of equality and justice. The book ranges from poor people squeezed for cash by private probation companies because of trivial violations to people executed in violation of the Constitution despite overwhelming evidence of intellectual disability or mental illness. They also show examples from around the country of places that are making progress toward justice.

With a foreword by Bryan Stevenson, who worked for Bright at the Southern Center for Human Rights and credits him for “[breaking] down the issues with the death penalty simply but persuasively,” The Fear of Too Much Justice offers a timely, trenchant, firsthand critique of our criminal courts and points the way toward a more just future.

Available: June 2023

• Document type Book
• Countries list United States
• Themes list Fair Trial

In 2020-2021, The Death Penalty Project, in partnership with Community Legal Aid Institute, LBH Masyarakat, commissioned The Death Penalty Research Unit (DPRU) at the University of Oxford, in association with University Centre of Excellence HIV/AIDS Research Centre-HPSI at Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia (AJCU), to conduct the research building empirical knowledge on who is being convicted for drug offences and uncover the factors that have influenced their motivations and decision making. Interviews were conducted on 57 prisoners from a prison in Jakrata, Indonesia, all convicted for drug offences. This is the first stage of a larger mapping project, which will interview those convicted of drug offences and sentenced to death or life in prisons across Indonesia and Southeast Asia. It also compliments our two part opinion study on attitudes on capital punishment in Indonesia.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list Indonesia
• Themes list Drug Offenses

Le 15e rapport annuel sur la peine de mort en Iran, réalisé conjointement par Iran Human Rights (IHRNGO) et Ensemble Contre la Peine de Mort (ECPM), est édifiant : les exécutions ont continué d’augmenter en 2022. Au moins 582 condamnés à mort ont été exécutés, soit une augmentation de 75% par rapport à 2021. La situation du pays demeure ainsi préoccupante, la peine de mort étant à nouveau utilisée comme un ultime outil d’intimidation et d’oppression par le régime iranien afin de maintenir la stabilité de son pouvoir. En outre, le rapport confirme que les minorités sont statistiquement surreprésentées : 30% des exécutions concernent des prisonniers baloutches, alors que ce groupe ethnique ne représente qu’entre 2 et 6% de la population iranienne.

• Document type Rapport d'ONG
• Countries list Iran (Islamic Republic of)
• Available languages Annual Report on the Death Penalty in Iran 2022

The 15th Annual Report on the Death Penalty in Iran, by Iran Human Rights and ECPM reveals the highest annual number of executions since 2015. At least 582 people were executed, an increase of 75% compared to 2021. In 2022, Iran’s authorities demonstrated how crucial the death penalty is to instil societal fear in order to hold onto power.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list Iran (Islamic Republic of)
• Available languages Rapport annuel sur la peine de mort en Iran 2022

Silently Silenced: State-Sanctioned Killing of Women examines States’ involvement in ‘feminicide’. Feminicide is understood as the gender-motivated killing of women and girls that States actively engage in, condone, excuse, or fail to prevent. We use the term ‘feminicide’ to refer to the various forms of State-sanctioned killing of women and girls. In this report, we outline States’ direct involvement and complicity in the killings of women and girls and explain these deaths as a product of gendered forms of structural violence upheld and sustained by the State. We examine 3 types of feminicide: gender- related killings of women directly perpetrated by the State, such as the death penalty and extrajudicial killings; gender-related killings of women committed by non-State actors that are excused or condoned by the State; and gender-related killings of women that the State failed to prevent.

• Document type Academic report
• Themes list Women

In the summer of 2007, an older man approaches Reyhaneh Jabbari and asks the architecture student who has a side job as an interior decorator for her help in the design of offices. During the site inspection, he tries to rape her. Reyhaneh stabs him in self-defence. She is arrested for murder and sentenced to death. Reyhaneh was to spend the next seven years in prison while her family hired lawyers and made the public aware of the case. However, in spite of the efforts of national and international politicians and human rights organisations, the Iranian judiciary continued to cite the “right of blood-revenge”. This meant that, as long as Reyhaneh did not withdraw her accusations against the man, his family could demand her death. Reyhaneh stuck to her testimony and was hanged at the age of 26.
In her moving and shockingly topical documentary debut, director Steffi Niederzoll uses among other things original audio and visual material that was smuggled out of Iran. This film, in which Holy Spider actor Zar Amir Ebrahimi lends Reyhaneh her voice, makes visible the injustice in Iranian society and portrays an involuntary heroine who gave her life in the fight for women’s rights.

• Document type Multimedia content
• Countries list Iran (Islamic Republic of)
• Themes list Gender / Women
• Available languages Sept hivers à Téhéran

En 2007 à Téhéran, Reyhaneh Jabbari, 19 ans, poignarde l’homme sur le point de la violer. Elle est accusée de meurtre et condamnée à mort. A partir d’images filmées clandestinement, Sept hivers à Téhéran montre le combat de la famille pour tenter de sauver Reyhaneh, devenue symbole de la lutte pour les droits des femmes en Iran.

• Document type Multimedia content
• Countries list Iran (Islamic Republic of)
• Themes list Women / Gender
• Available languages Seven Winters in Teheran

Harm Reduction International has monitored the use of the death penalty for drug offences worldwide since our first ground-breaking publication on this issue in 2007. This report, our twelfth on the subject, continues our work of providing regular updates on legislative, policy and practical developments related to the use of capital punishment for drug offences, a practice which is a clear violation of international standards. As of December 2022, Harm Reduction International (HRI) recorded at least 285 executions for drug offences globally during the year, a 118% increase from 2021, and an 850% increase from 2020. Executions for drug offences are confirmed or assumed to have taken place in six countries: Iran, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, plus in China, North Korea and Vietnam – on which exact figures cannot be provided because of extreme opacity. Therefore, this figure is likely to reflect only a percentage of all drug-related executions worldwide. Confirmed death sentences for drug offences were also on the rise; with at least 303 people sentenced to death in 18 countries. This marks a 28% increase from 2021.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list China / Democratic People's Republic of Korea / Indonesia / Iran (Islamic Republic of) / Malaysia / Saudi Arabia / Singapore / Viet Nam
• Themes list Drug Offenses

The Reverend Russ Ford, who served as the head chaplain on Virginia’s death row for eighteen years, raged against the inequities of the death penalty—now outlawed in Virginia—while ministering to the men condemned to die in the 1980s and 1990s. Ford stood watch with twenty-eight men, sitting with them in the squalid death house during the final days and hours of their lives. In July 1990 he accidentally almost became the 245th person killed by Virginia’s electric chair as he comforted Ricky Boggs in his last moments, a vivid episode that opens this haunting book. Many chaplains get to know the condemned men only in these final moments. Ford, however, spent years working with the men of Virginia’s death row, forging close bonds with the condemned and developing a nuanced understanding of their crimes, their early struggles, and their challenges behind bars. His unusual ministry makes this memoir a unique and compelling read, a moving and unflinching portrait of Virginia’s death row inmates. Revealing the cruelties of the state-sanctioned violence that has until recently prevailed in our backyard, Crossing the River Styx serves as a cautionary tale for those who still support capital punishment.

• Document type Book
• Countries list United States
• Themes list Death Row Conditions 

For three decades, a little-known group of “mitigation specialists” has helped save death-penalty defendants in the USA by documenting their childhood traumas. A rare look inside one case.

• Document type Article
• Countries list United States
• Themes list Legal Representation

The fascinating, moving story of a friendship with an inmate on death row. It was a clash of race, privilege, and circumstance when Alan Robertson first signed up through a church program to visit Cecil Johnson on Death Row, to offer friendship and compassion. Alan’s wife Suzanne had no intention of being involved, but slowly, through phone calls and letters, she began to empathize and understand him. That Cecil and Suzanne eventually became such close friends—a white middle-class woman and a Black man who grew up devoid of advantage—is a testament to perseverance, forgiveness, and love, but also to the notion that differences don’t have to be barriers. This book recounts a fifteen-year friendship and how trust and compassion were forged despite the difficult circumstances, and how Cecil ended up ministering more to Suzanne’s family than they did to him. The story details how Cecil maintained inexplicable joy and hope despite the tragic events of his life and how Suzanne, Alan, and their two daughters opened their hearts to a man convicted of murder. Cecil Johnson was executed Dec. 2, 2009.

• Document type Book
• Countries list United States
• Themes list Death Row Conditions 

المملكة العربية السعودية منتهك صارخ للحق في الحياة. بين عامي 2010 و 2021 ، أعدمت السعودية ما لا يقل عن 1243 شخصًا ، مما يجعلها واحدة من أكثر الجلادين تفشيًا في العالم. اعتبارًا من ديسمبر 2022 ، أعدم النظام السعودي ما لا يقل عن 147 شخصًا آخر في عام 2022 ، بما في ذلك 81 شخصًا في يوم واحد في إعدام جماعي في 12 مارس 2022.
زاد استخدام المملكة العربية السعودية لعقوبة الإعدام بشكل كبير منذ عام 2015. وقد حدث هذا التصعيد على مرأى من الملك السعودي سلمان ، الذي اعتلى العرش في 23 يناير 2015 ، وابنه ولي العهد ورئيس الوزراء محمد بن سلمان. تضاعف المعدل السنوي لعمليات الإعدام تقريبًا منذ وصول الملك سلمان ومحمد بن سلمان إلى السلطة في عام 2015. بين عامي 2010 و 2014 ، كان هناك ما معدله 70.8 حالة إعدام سنويًا. في الفترة من 2015 إلى 2022 ، كان هناك 129.5 عملية إعدام في المتوسط ​​سنويًا – بزيادة قدرها 82٪. لقد حدثت جميع عمليات الإعدام الست الأكثر دموية في تاريخ المملكة العربية السعودية الحديث تحت قيادة محمد بن سلمان والملك سلمان (2015 و 2016 و 2017 و 2018 و 2019 و 2022).

• Document type Array
• Countries list Saudi Arabia
• Available languages Bloodshed and Lies: Mohammed bin Salman’s Kingdom of Executions

This is the seventh edition of the Death Penalty in India: Annual Statistics Report published by Project 39A at National Law University, Delhi. 2022 represents a significant shift in death penalty adjudication, with the Supreme Court recognising the need to reconsider the capital sentencing framework for the first time since it was laid down in Bachan Singh v. State of Punjab in 1980. In a momentous order, the Supreme Court noted the gaps in the death penalty sentencing framework and has sought to address these concerns through a Constitution Bench towards establishing the components of a real, meaningful and effective capital sentencing hearing. In another decision, the Court laid down guidelines for the collection of mitigating material by trial courts. However, in the same year that the Supreme Court cast grave doubts on the death penalty sentencing framework and its implementation by trial courts, it is of concern that 165 death sentences were imposed by Sessions Courts, the highest in a single year since 2000.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list India

The Capital Punishment and Social Rights Research Initiative assesses and analyzes the access of men and women on U.S. death rows to social rights such as health care, social contacts, visitation, communication, recreation and spiritual support. CPSR’s info series on living conditions on death row, state by state. Part 1: Texas

• Document type Multimedia content
• Countries list United States
• Themes list Death Row Conditions 

Saudi Arabia is a flagrant abuser of the right to life. Between 2010 and 2021, Saudi Arabia executed at least 1243 people, making it one of the most rampant executioners in the world. As of December 2022, the Saudi regime had executed at least a further 147 people in 2022, including 81 people in one day in a mass execution on 12 March 2022.
Saudi Arabia’s use of the death penalty has drastically increased since 2015. This escalation has taken place on the watch of Saudi Arabia’s King Salman, who acceded the throne on 23 January 2015, and his son, Crown Prince and Prime Minister Mohammed bin Salman. The annual rate of executions has almost doubled since King Salman and Mohammed bin Salman came to power in 2015. From 2010-2014 there was an average of 70.8 executions per year. From 2015-2022 there was an average of 129.5 executions per year – a rise of 82%. The six bloodiest years of executions in Saudi Arabia’s recent history have all occurred under the leadership of Mohammed bin Salman and King Salman (2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2022).

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list Saudi Arabia
• Available languages سفك الدماء والأكاذيب: مملكة إعدام محمد بن سلمان

Tous les documents du Conseil de l’Europe relatifs à l’abolition de la peine de mort réunis en une seule page : décisions du Comité des Ministres, résolutions de l’Assemblée parlementaire, traités…

• Document type Rapport des organes régionaux
• Available languages Key legal Instruments and texts adopted on Abolition of the death penalty by the Council of Europe

All the Council of Europe documents related to abolition of the death penalty gathered in one page : decisions of the Committee of Ministers, resolutions of the Parliamentary Assembly, Treaties…

• Document type Regional body report
• Themes list Trend Towards Abolition
• Available languages Instruments juridiques clés et textes adoptés sur l'abolition de la peine de mort par le Conseil de l'Europe

The Death Penalty Project’s latest report provides a comprehensive analysis of the lives of prisoners on death row in Kenya. It focuses on prisoners’ socio-economic backgrounds and profiles, their pathways to, and motivation for, offending, as well as their experiences of the criminal justice process and of imprisonment. It complements our previous research, a two-part study of attitudes towards the death penalty in Kenya, The Death Penalty in Kenya: A Punishment that has Died Out in Practice.
While 120 countries around the world have now abolished the death penalty, including 25 in Africa, Kenya is one of 22 African nations that continues to retain the death penalty in law, albeit it has not carried out any executions for more than three decades. As such, Kenya is classified as ‘abolitionist de facto’, the United Nations term for a country that has not carried out an execution for at least 10 years. Yet, while state-sanctioned executions no longer occur, hundreds of people are currently living under sentence of death and others are convicted and sentenced to death each year. As long as the death penalty is retained in law, there remains a risk that executions might resume if there is political change. Moreover, the plight and turmoil of those languishing on death row – consistently the poorest and most vulnerable – cannot be ignored. They are disproportionately sentenced to death and suffer the harshest punishments and treatment.

• Document type Book
• Countries list Kenya

Decades of research on the administration of the death penalty have recognized the persistent arbitrariness in its implementation and the racial inequality in the selection of defendants and cases for capital punishment. This Article provides new insights into the combined effects of these two constitutional challenges. We show how these features of post-Furman capital punishment operate at each stage of adjudication, from charging death-eligible cases to plea negotiations to the selection of eligible cases for execution and ultimately to the execution itself, and how their effects combine to sustain the constitutional violations first identified 50 years ago in Furman. Analyzing a dataset of 2,328 first- degree murder convictions in Georgia from 1995–2004 that produced 1,317 death eligible cases, we show that two features of these cases combine to produce a small group of persons facing execution: victim race and gender, and a set of case-specific features that are often correlated with race. We also show that these features explain which cases progress from the initial stages of charging to a death sentence, and which are removed from death eligibility at each stage through plea negotiations. Consistent with decades of death penalty research, we also show the special focus of prosecution on cases where Black defendants murder white victims. The evidence in the Georgia records suggests a regime marred less by overbreadth in its statute than capriciousness and randomness in the decision to seek death and to seek it in a racially disparate manner. These two dimensions of capital case adjudication combine to sustain the twin failures that produce the fatal lottery that is the death penalty.

• Document type Academic report
• Countries list United States
• Themes list Fair Trial

In a year awash with incendiary political advertising that drove the public’s perception of rising crime to record highs, public support for capital punishment and jury verdicts for death remained near fifty-year lows. Defying conventional political wisdom, nearly every measure of change — from new death sentences imposed and executions conducted to public opinion polls and election results — pointed to the continuing durability of the more than 20-year sustained decline of the death penalty in the United States.
The Gallup crime survey, administered in the midst of the midterm elections while the capital trial for the 2018 mass shooting at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Florida was underway, found that support for capital punishment remained within one percentage point of the half-century lows recorded in 2020 and 2021. The 20 new death sentences imposed in 2022 are fewer than in any year before the pandemic, and just 2 higher than the record lows of the prior two years. With the exception of the pandemic years of 2020 and 2021, the 18 executions in 2022 are the fewest since 1991.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list United States

Use of the death penalty in Texas remained near historic low levels in 2022, with juries sentencing two people to death and the State executing five people. Three other scheduled executions were stayed by the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals (CCA). Overall, the eight execution dates set for 2022 were the fewest in Texas since 1996.
Despite their low number, the executions set and carried out in 2022 raise troubling issues about the fairness and utility of the death penalty. Four of the men put to death, including 78-year-old Carl Wayne Buntion, suffered from physical or mental impairments or histories of childhood trauma, while two maintained their innocence of the crimes for which they were convicted.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list United States

В настоящем докладе Генеральной Ассамблеи Организации Объединенных Наций представлены резолюции 77-й сессии. В него включены доклады о моратории на применение смертной казни (A/77/463/Add.2 DR XII), который был принят 15 декабря 2022 года в результате голосования (125-37-22) (A/77/PV.54) по пункту 68(b). Руководствуясь целями и принципами, содержащимися в Уставе Организации Объединенных Наций, она подтверждает Всеобщую декларацию прав человека, Международный пакт о гражданских и политических правах и Конвенцию о правах ребенка и напоминает о втором Факультативном протоколе к Международному пакту о гражданских и политических правах, направленном на отмену смертной казни.

• Document type Доклад Организации Объединенных Наций
• Available languages الجمعية العامة للأمم المتحدة - قرارات الدورة السابعة والسبعينUnited Nations General Assembly - Resolutions of the 77th SessionAsamblea General de las Naciones Unidas - Resoluciones del 77º Período de SesionesAssemblée Générale des Nations Unies - Résolutions de la 77e Session联合国大会 - 第77届会议的决议

يعرض هذا التقرير المقدم من الجمعية العامة للأمم المتحدة قرارات الدورة السابعة والسبعين. وهو يتضمن تقارير عن وقف استخدام عقوبة الإعدام (A / 77/463 / Add.2 DR XII) الذي تم اعتماده في 15 ديسمبر 2022 بتصويت (125-37-22) (A / 77 / PV.54) في إطار البند 68 (ب). واسترشاداً بالمقاصد والمبادئ الواردة في ميثاق الأمم المتحدة ، فإنه يؤكد من جديد الإعلان العالمي لحقوق الإنسان ، والعهد الدولي الخاص بالحقوق المدنية والسياسية ، واتفاقية حقوق الطفل ، ويشير إلى البروتوكول الاختياري الثاني للاتفاقية الدولية. العهد الخاص بالحقوق المدنية والسياسية الهادف إلى إلغاء عقوبة الإعدام.

• Document type تقرير للأمم المتحدة
• Available languages United Nations General Assembly - Resolutions of the 77th SessionAsamblea General de las Naciones Unidas - Resoluciones del 77º Período de SesionesAssemblée Générale des Nations Unies - Résolutions de la 77e SessionГенеральная Ассамблея ООН - Резолюции 77-й сессии联合国大会 - 第77届会议的决议

联合国大会提供的这份报告介绍了第77届会议的决议。它包括关于暂停使用死刑的报告（A/77/463/Add.2 DR XII），该报告于2022年12月15日在项目68（b）下以投票方式（125-37-22）通过（A/77/PV.54）。在《联合国宪章》所载宗旨和原则的指导下，它重申了《世界人权宣言》、《公民及政治权利国际公约》和《儿童权利公约》，并回顾了旨在废除死刑的《公民及政治权利国际公约第二项任择议定书》。

• Document type 联合国报告
• Available languages الجمعية العامة للأمم المتحدة - قرارات الدورة السابعة والسبعينUnited Nations General Assembly - Resolutions of the 77th SessionAsamblea General de las Naciones Unidas - Resoluciones del 77º Período de SesionesAssemblée Générale des Nations Unies - Résolutions de la 77e SessionГенеральная Ассамблея ООН - Резолюции 77-й сессии

Este informe de la Asamblea General de las Naciones Unidas presenta las resoluciones del 77º periodo de sesiones. Incluye informes sobre la moratoria del uso de la pena de muerte (A/77/463/Add.2 DR XII) que fue adoptada el 15 de diciembre de 2022 con una votación (125-37-22) (A/77/PV.54) bajo el punto 68(b). Guiada por los propósitos y principios contenidos en la Carta de las Naciones Unidas, reafirma la Declaración Universal de Derechos Humanos, el Pacto Internacional de Derechos Civiles y Políticos y la Convención sobre los Derechos del Niño y recuerda el Segundo Protocolo Facultativo del Pacto Internacional de Derechos Civiles y Políticos, destinado a abolir la pena de muerte.

• Document type Informe de las Naciones Unidas
• Available languages الجمعية العامة للأمم المتحدة - قرارات الدورة السابعة والسبعينUnited Nations General Assembly - Resolutions of the 77th SessionAssemblée Générale des Nations Unies - Résolutions de la 77e SessionГенеральная Ассамблея ООН - Резолюции 77-й сессии联合国大会 - 第77届会议的决议

Ce rapport fourni par l’Assemblée générale des Nations Unies présente les résolutions de la 77e session. Il comprend des rapports sur le moratoire sur l’application de la peine de mort (A/77/463/Add.2 DR XII) qui a été adopté le 15 décembre 2022 avec un vote (125-37-22) (A/77/PV.54) au point 68(b). Guidée par les buts et principes contenus dans la Charte des Nations Unies, elle réaffirme la Déclaration universelle des droits de l’homme, le Pacte international relatif aux droits civils et politiques et la Convention relative aux droits de l’enfant et rappelle le deuxième protocole facultatif se rapportant au Pacte international relatif aux droits civils et politiques, visant à abolir la peine de mort.

• Document type Rapport des Nations Unies
• Available languages الجمعية العامة للأمم المتحدة - قرارات الدورة السابعة والسبعينUnited Nations General Assembly - Resolutions of the 77th SessionAsamblea General de las Naciones Unidas - Resoluciones del 77º Período de SesionesГенеральная Ассамблея ООН - Резолюции 77-й сессии联合国大会 - 第77届会议的决议

This report provided by the United Nations General Assembly presents the resolutions of the 77th session. It includes reports on the moratorium on the use of the death penalty (A/77/463/Add.2 DR XII) which was adopted on the 15th of December 2022 with a vote (125-37-22) (A/77/PV.54) under item 68(b). Guided by the purposes and principles contained in the Charter of the United Nations, it reaffirms the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the Convention on the Rights of the Child and recalls the Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty.

• Document type United Nations report
• Available languages الجمعية العامة للأمم المتحدة - قرارات الدورة السابعة والسبعينAsamblea General de las Naciones Unidas - Resoluciones del 77º Período de SesionesAssemblée Générale des Nations Unies - Résolutions de la 77e SessionГенеральная Ассамблея ООН - Резолюции 77-й сессии联合国大会 - 第77届会议的决议

Death Penalty and the Indian Supreme Court (2007-2021) maps the important trends and developments in the Supreme Court’s death penalty jurisprudence. These past 15 years have witnessed significant developments in the law on capital sentencing, post-mercy jurisprudence, and other procedural developments pertaining to the administration of the death penalty. Imagined as an intellectual successor of PUCL and Amnesty International’s doctrinal study of the Supreme Court’s death penalty cases between 1950 to 2006, in ‘Lethal Lottery: The Death Penalty in India’, this report highlights the sustained inconsistency and judge-centric reasoning in capital cases, with particular emphasis on the problem of arbitrariness in approaches to capital sentencing at the Supreme Court. 

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list India

On July 1, 2021, Virginia ended a 413-year tradition by abolishing the death penalty.
Many of those convicted from 1608 to 2017 deserved harsh punishment – but Virginia took harsh to a whole new level with its “finality over fairness” philosophy. Four hundred years of her racist, mob-driven capital punishment system ensnared many innocent and undeserving victims under the toxic guises of protecting white citizens or being “tough on crime.” So many of those killed by the state died with their guilt or innocence lost to history.
Virginia leads the nation with 1,390 executions. After a 1976 Supreme Court decision, Virginia institutionalized and streamlined the parade to the death chamber more efficiently than any other state, executing between 1976 and 2017 a breathtaking 73 percent of all who received death sentences. The national average is 16 percent.

• Document type Book
• Countries list United States

The University of Oxford Death Penalty Research Unit, led by Professor Carolyn Hoyle, along with a network of human rights NGOs, including The Death Penalty Project, Eleos Justice, Harm Reduction International, Justice Project Pakistan, Project 39a, and ADPAN, have cooperated on a mapping project of foreign nationals at risk of capital punishment in Asia and the Middle East, initially funded by the ESRC.
These regions have a disproportionate number of migrants and others without citizenship detained for capital offences, including those convicted for drug crimes. Building on research, knowledge and expertise within the network, this collaborative database aims to collate and make available information on foreign nationals executed or under sentence of death.

• Document type Multimedia content

An increasing number of countries have recognized that state killing undermines human dignity and respect for human rights, such as the discriminatory use of the death penalty, the use of forced confession that increases the possibility of executing an innocent person, and the lack of deterrence effect of capital punishment. This move towards abolition of the death penalty is being witnessed in all regions of the world regardless of political system, religion, culture or tradition. As of today, at least 110 countries have abolished the death penalty for all crimes, while at least eight countries have abolished for ordinary crimes, while less than 20 countries have reportedly
carried out executions in 2021.
This publication is a supplement to the ICDP´s 2018 work on “How States Abolish the Death Penalty: 29 Case Studies.”

• Document type NGO report

Le rôle des institutions nationales des droits de l’homme (INDH) en tant qu’actrices influentes dans le domaine des droits humains est primordial et, à ce titre, leur contribution à l’abolition de la peine de mort ne doit pas être sous-estimée lors de l’élaboration d’une stratégie de lutte contre la peine de mort.
Rédigé par le président de la Commission béninoise des droits de l’Homme, le contenu de ce guide a été enrichi par des exemples et des conseils provenant d’organisations non gouvernementales (ONG) sur le terrain. Travailler avec les INDH peut sembler être une tâche intimidante, en particulier pour les organisations de la société civile qui n’ont pas l’habitude de collaborer avec ce type de structure. Ce guide a été spécialement conçu à l’intention des groupes abolitionnistes de la société civile du monde entier, avec des points de focus provenant du continent africain.

• Document type Coalition mondiale / Travailler avec...
• Available languages How to Work with National Human Rights Institutions to Abolish the Death Penalty - A Practical Guide

National Human Rights Institutions (NHRIs) role as influential human rights actors is paramount, and as such their contributions to abolition of the death penalty should not be underestimated when developing an anti-death penalty strategy. Expertly written by the President of the of the Beninese Commission on Human Rights, this guide’s content has been bolstered by examples and advice coming from nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in the field. Working with NHRIs can seem like a daunting task, especially for civil society organizations that do not have previous experience working with them. As such, this guide has been specifically designed for abolitionist civil society groups around the world, both beginners and advanced activists, with a focus on the African continent.

• Document type Working with... / World Coalition
• Themes list Trend Towards Abolition
• Available languages Comment travailler avec les institutions nationales des droits de l’homme pour abolir la peine de mort ?

Most of the workers NPR interviewed reported suffering serious mental and physical repercussions. But only one person said they received any psychological support from the government to help them cope. The experience was enough to shift many of their perspectives on capital punishment. No one who NPR spoke with whose work required them to witness executions in Virginia, Nevada, Florida, California, Ohio, South Carolina, Arizona, Nebraska, Texas, Alabama, Oregon, South Dakota or Indiana expressed support for the death penalty afterward, NPR found.

• Document type Article
• Countries list United States

One of the most compelling forces behind the evolution of international attitudes towards capital punishment in recent decades has been the increasing recognition of the potential for error in its use – that those states that choose to retain the practice may be taking the lives of innocent individuals. The Death Penalty Project produced this resource on wrongful convictions and the death penalty.

• Document type NGO report
• Themes list Fair Trial

The most common justification for the retention of the death penalty among the minority of states that continue to sentence to death and execute individuals who are found guilty of committing certain serious offences is a belief that this punishment has a unique deterrent effect. The Death Penalty Project produced this resource on deterrence and the death penalty.

• Document type NGO report
• Themes list Public Opinion 

When faced with calls to join the majority of states worldwide that have now abolished capital punishment, a key justification, typically relied upon by retentionist states, is that their citizens are not yet ready for abolition, and that political leaders must represent ‘the will of the people.’ The Death Penalty Project produced this resource on public opinion and the death penalty.

• Document type NGO report
• Themes list Public Opinion 

The use of capital punishment has been an issue addressed by international human rights law since the earliest days of the United Nations. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, adopted by the General Assembly in 1948, and an instrument widely recognised as the gold standard for human rights, affirms the right to life and the prohibition of torture and cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. The Death Penalty Project produced this resource on international law and the death penalty.

• Document type NGO report

In Roper v. Simmons (2005), the US Supreme Court raised the minimum age at which someone could be subjected to capital punishment, ruling that no one under the age of 18 at the time of their crime could be sentenced to death. The present article discusses the legal context and rationale by which the Court established the current age-based limit on death penalty eligibility as well as the scientific basis for a recent American Psychological Association Resolution that recommended extending that limit to include members of the “late adolescent class” (i.e., persons from 18 to 20 years old). In addition, we present new data that address the little-discussed but important racial/ethnic implications of these age-based limits to capital punishment, both for the already established Roper exclusion and the APA-proposed exclusion for the late adolescent class. In fact, a much higher percentage of persons in the late adolescent class who were sentenced to death in the post-Roper era were non-White, suggesting that their age-based exclusion would help to remedy this problematic pattern.

• Document type Academic report
• Countries list United States

These individual cases illustrate issues found in systemic reviews of the state’s death penalty system. In 2017, a bipartisan commission that included former prosecutors, defense lawyers, judges, citizens, crime victim advocates, and law professors found that the state’s capital punishment system created “unacceptable risks of inconsistent, discriminatory, and inhumane application of the death penalty.” In an extensively researched report, the commission recommended a moratorium on executions until reforms were made. Five years later, Oklahoma has enacted “virtually none” of the suggested reforms.

• Document type Article
• Countries list United States

In their new book, released in the Summer of 2022, University of Denver criminology and sociology professor Scott Phillips and University of Georgia sociologist Mark Cooney apply the concept of “social geometry,” developed in the 1970s by sociologist Donald Black, to analyze outcomes of capital cases. After reviewing extensive data collected in connection with the landmark Baldus Study of capital sentencing in Georgia and from the national Capital Jury Project, they conclude that the sentencing outcomes in the cases in those databases support key principles of Black’s theory: the higher the social status of the victim and the lower the social status of the defendant, the more likely a death sentence will be imposed.

• Document type Book
• Countries list United States

The implementation of capital punishment has seen substantial shifts over the course of the past decade. During the period from the end of a moratorium on executions in December 2014 to August 2019, an estimated 1,800 death sentences were imposed across the entire court system and 520 people were executed. Various amendments to Pakistan’s criminal law over the past several decades have resulted in a list of 33 offenses, most of which are far removed from the definition of the “most serious crimes” under international law. A full list of offences is attached at the end of the report.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list Pakistan

في رسالة وجّهتها حكومة البحرين في فبراير/شباط 2019 إلى “مكتب الأمم المتحدة في جنيف”، زعمت أن محاكمها أصدرت عددا صغيرا جدا من أحكام الإعدام. في الواقع، منذ 2011، حكمت المحاكم في البحرين على 51 شخصا بالإعدام، وأعدمت الدولة ستة منذ انتهاء الوقف الفعلي لتنفيذ الإعدامات في 2017. لغاية يونيو/حزيران 2022، كان 26 رجلا ينتظرون تنفيذ حكم الإعدام فيهم، وجميعهم استنفدوا الاستئناف. بموجب القانون البحريني، يتمتع الملك حمد بن عيسى آل خليفة بصلاحية التصديق على الأحكام، أو تخفيفها، أو منح العفو.

• Document type مقالة
• Countries list Bahrain
• Available languages The Court is Satisfied with the Confession: Bahrain Death Sentences Follow Torture, Sham Trials

In a February 2019 letter to the United Nations Office in Geneva, the government of Bahrain claimed that its courts “actually hand down very few death sentences.” In fact, since 2011, courts in Bahrain have sentenced 51 people to death, and the state has executed six since the end of a de facto moratorium on executions in 2017. As of June 2022, 26 men were on death row, and all have exhausted their appeals. Under Bahraini law, King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa has the power to ratify these sentences, commute them, or grant pardons.

• Document type Article
• Countries list Bahrain
• Available languages المحكمة تطمئن إلى سلامة الاعتراف : أحكام الإعدام في البحرين إثر التعذيب والمحاكمات الصُوَرية

This paper updates The Death Penalty in the OSCE Area: Background Paper 2021. It is intended to provide a concise update to highlight changes in the status of the death penalty in OSCE participating States since the previous publication and to promote constructive discussion of the issue. It covers the period from 1 April 2021 to 31 March 2022.

• Document type Regional body report

• Document type Array

• Document type Array

Les individus et les organisations non-gouvernementales (ONG) peuvent collaborer de plusieurs manières avec les Nations unies pour signaler des cas de violations des droits humains. L’une d’entre elles consiste à saisir les procédures spéciales du Conseil des droits de l’Homme (CDH) des Nations unies. Découvrez comment travailler avec elles ici.

• Document type Coalition mondiale
• Available languages UN Special Procedures toolkit - World Day 2022

There are several ways in which individuals and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) can work with the UN to report human rights violations. One way is through the special procedures of the UN Human Rights Council (HRC). Find out how to work with them here.

• Document type World Coalition
• Available languages Travailler avec les Procédures spéciales des Nations unies - Journée mondiale 2022

Research examining death penalty deterrence has been characterized as inconclusive and uninformative. The present analysis heeds a recommendation from prior research to examine single-state changes in death penalty policy using the synthetic control method. Data from the years 1979–2019 were used to construct synthetic controls and estimate the effects of death penalty moratoriums on homicide rates in Illinois, New Jersey, Washington, and Pennsylvania. Moratoriums on capital punishment resulted in nonsignificant homicide reductions in all four states.

• Document type Academic report
• Countries list United States
• Themes list Moratorium

An investigation into the death penalty in the People’s Republic of China in the Xi Jinping era (2012–) shows that unlike previous administrations, Xi does not appear to have articulated a signature death penalty policy. Where policy in China is unclear, assessing both the quality and frequency of discourse on the topic can provide evidence regarding an administration’s priorities.
This article was first published in Crime Justice Journal: https://www.crimejusticejournal.com/issue/view/119

• Document type Academic report
• Countries list China

The death penalty in Malaysia is a British colonial legacy that has undergone significant scrutiny in recent times. While the Malaysian Federal Constitution 1957 provides that ‘no person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty save in accordance with law’, there are several criminal offences (including drug-related crimes) that impose the mandatory and discretionary death penalty. Using Benford and Snow’s framing processes, this paper reviews death penalty politics in Malaysia by analysing the rhetoric of abolitionists and retentionists. The abolitionists, comprising activist lawyers and non-government organisations, tend to use ‘human rights’ and ‘injustice’ frames, which humanise the ‘criminal’ and gain international support. The retentionists, such as victims’ families, use a ‘victims’ justice’ frame emphasising the ‘inhuman’ nature of violent crimes. In addition, the retentionist state shifts between ‘national security’ and ‘national development’ frames. This paper finds that death penalty politics in Malaysia is predominantly a politics of framing.
This article was first published in Crime Justice Journal: https://www.crimejusticejournal.com/issue/view/119

• Document type Academic report
• Countries list Malaysia

The South Pacific forms a cohesive region with broadly similar cultural attributes, legal systems and colonial histories. A comparative analysis starts from the assumption that these countries should also have similar criminal justice policies. However, until 2022, both Papua New Guinea and Tonga were retentionist death penalty outliers in the South Pacific, a region home to seven other fully abolitionist members of the United Nations. In this article, we use the comparative method to explain why Papua New Guinea and Tonga have pursued a different death penalty trajectory than their regional neighbours. Eschewing the traditional social science explanations for death penalty retention, we suggest two novel explanations for ongoing retention in Papua New Guinea and Tonga: the law and order crisis in the former and the traditionally powerful monarchy in the latter.
This article was first published in Crime Justice Journal: https://www.crimejusticejournal.com/issue/view/119

• Document type Academic report
• Countries list Papua New Guinea / Tonga

In the former penal colony of New South Wales (NSW), a Labor government attempted what its counterpart in Queensland had achieved in 1922: the abolition of the death penalty. Although NSW’s unelected Legislative Council scuttled Labor’s 1925 bill, the party’s prevarication over capital punishment and the government’s poor management of the campaign thwarted abolition for a further three decades. However, NSW’s failure must be analysed in light of ambivalent abolitionism that prevailed in Britain and the US in the postwar decade. In this wider context, Queensland, rather than NSW, was the abolitionist outlier.
This article was first published in Crime Justice Journal: https://www.crimejusticejournal.com/issue/view/119

• Document type Academic report
• Countries list Australia

The abolition of the death penalty in Queensland in 1922 was the first in Australian jurisdictions, and the first in the British Empire. However, the legacy of the Queensland death penalty lingered in Australian colonial territories. This article considers a variety of practices in which the death penalty was addressed by Australian decision-makers during the first half of the 20th century. These include the exemption of Australian soldiers from execution in World War I, use of the death penalty in colonial Papua and the Mandate Territory of New Guinea, hanging as a weapon of war in the colonial territories, and the retrieval of the death penalty for the punishment of war crimes. In these histories, we see not only that the Queensland death penalty lived on in other contexts but also that ideological and political preferences for abolition remained vulnerable to the sway of other historical forces of war and security.
This article was first pubished in Crime Justice Journal: https://www.crimejusticejournal.com/issue/view/119

• Document type Academic report
• Countries list Australia

This article reviews the executions of Australians in the region and the Australian responses over the past two decades. Informed by the author’s legal defence role in death penalty cases in Singapore and Indonesia and other countries, the article explores developments in anti–death penalty advocacy since 2015: the parliamentary enquiry, the ‘whole of government’ strategy led by the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade and the efforts made by Australia and Australians in Asia.
This article was first published in Crime Justice Journal: https://www.crimejusticejournal.com/issue/view/119

• Document type Article
• Countries list Australia

Two-thirds of the countries worldwide have moved away from the death penalty in law or in practice, with global and regional organisations as well as individual governments working towards universal abolition. This article critically examines the narratives of these abolitionist governments that have abolished the death penalty in their country and have adopted the role of ‘moral crusaders’ (Becker 1963) in pursuit of global abolition. In 2018, the Australian Government, while being surrounded by retentionist states in Asia, joined the anti–death penalty enterprise along with the European Union, the United Kingdom and Norway. Using the concepts of ‘moral crusader’ (Becker 1963) and ‘performativity’ (Butler 1993), this article argues that advocacy must be acted on repeatedly for governments to be anti–death penalty advocates. Otherwise, these government efforts serve political ends in appearance but are simply a self-serving form of advocacy in practice.
This article was first published in Crime Justice Journal: https://www.crimejusticejournal.com/issue/view/119

• Document type Academic report

Despite a steady increase worldwide in the number of states that have abolished the death penalty, capital punishment remains a troubling presence in the international order. The world’s leading powers in terms of economics and population include the retentionist states of China, India, Japan and the United States of America (USA). It seems there is no linear path to abolition, and its achievement is indeterminate. Yet, in international human rights law, death penalty abolition is a powerful norm embraced by half the countries across the world. While the majority of death penalty research has emanated from and focuses on the USA, well over 90 per cent of global executions occur in Asia, which lags behind the global trend towards abolishing the death penalty. Our symposium and this collection seek to bring perspectives from a variety of disciplines and methods—historical, legal, sociological, comparative— to bear on the questions of retention and abolition in a variety of jurisdictions and time periods.
This article was first published in Crime Justice Journal: https://www.crimejusticejournal.com/issue/view/119

• Document type Academic report

Given how pressing the problem has become, and the real interest in reforms to promote access to justice, this article takes a different tack than prior habeas reform work: to restore habeas corpus to its pre-AEDPA and pre-Rehnquist court state, in which a federal court can review claims and reach their merits. The approach would preserve flexibility at the district court level and remove the many layers of procedural complexity that the Supreme Court and then Congress have erected. We believe that deep changes are needed, and in that, we agree with judges and scholars that have for some time proposed such changes in the writ. As we describe, AEDPA was enacted as a culmination of more than two decades of complex Supreme Court law that had already limited access to federal habeas corpus. While AEDPA incorporated some of those procedural rulings, the concern would be that should AEDPA be repealed, even in part, those court-made restrictions could be interpreted to supplant AEDPA restrictions. Clear statutory language will be needed to ensure that the Court does not frustrate Congress, as it has in the past, by supplementing statutory text in order to limit constitutional remedies. We do not mean to suggest that the various proposals set out here are exhaustive. Our goal is to promote careful considerations of alternatives to the present-day set of federal habeas corpus statutes and accompanying judicial interpretation.

• Document type Academic report
• Countries list United States
• Themes list Terrorism

The federal death penalty today would be unrecognizable to the founders, who saw the ultimate penalty as a means of protecting sovereign interests and who therefore carefully guarded the practice at English common law of yielding national interests to local ones. Over the course of time, the geographic distribution and substantive basis for the penalty changed, but until the modern era, its underlying purpose did not. As the Trump era executions made painfully clear, however, the federal death penalty today is different. It is disproportionately imposed for crimes that could have readily been prosecuted by other jurisdictions and that have little obvious connection to federal sovereignty, and it is disproportionately imposed against non-white people. By any rational measure, it is vanishingly rare, and it serves no valid penological goal. Simply put, federal death sentences today are, in most cases, “cruel and unusual in the same way that being struck by lightning is cruel and unusual.”

• Document type Academic report
• Countries list United States
• Themes list Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment and Punishment

This article retraces the evolution and recent decline of death peanlty in the United States, notablt through state court interventions. These dynamics between judicial and political action illuminate the importance of state court intervention in the story of the American death penalty’s precipitous decline, which has tended to foreground other institutional actors and to neglect the complex interactions among branches of government. State judicial rulings, though often highly technical and, therefore, less visible and accessible to the public, have been a pervasive and powerful force in the two-decade-long diminution of the practice of capital punishment across the United States.

• Document type Academic report
• Countries list United States
• Themes list Trend Towards Abolition

The protracted and (somewhat) ongoing debate over whether lethal injection—in some or all of its forms—is cruel and unusual punishment under the Eighth Amendment is the newest variation on the question of whether a particular form of capital punishment is inhumane and cruel. The history of capital punishment in the United States over the last two centuries has been punctuated by attempts to find less painful and gruesome ways to kill persons society has condemned to die. Ironically, at least from a historical perspective, some recent executions have seen condemned inmates or their attorneys elect some of the older methods, i.e., electrocution, or offer, as a potentially less painful alternative, the firing squad or death by lethal gas. And some states, including the main subject of this article, have resurrected electrocution and the firing squad because of a claimed inability or difficulty in obtaining execution drugs. In this article, the authors trace the history of execution methods in the pre-modern era of capital punishment (before 1972), primarily in South Carolina, pointing out the often-intractable problems with their implementation process (including specific “botches”), and then address other aspects of executions that have relevance to the current debate about the wisdom and efficacy of retaining the “modern” American death penalty in the twenty-first century.

• Document type Academic report
• Countries list United States
• Themes list Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment and Punishment

The numbers and the politics of the death penalty in India tell very different stories, presenting complicated narratives for its future. The public reaction to instances of sexual violence and other offences over the last decade and the consequent political response has significantly strengthened the retention and expansion of the death penalty. This is reflected from the fact that that of all the death sentences that district courts impose, only about 5 percent get confirmed in India’s appellate system. However, does this mean there is growing scepticism about the death penalty in the Supreme Court of India? Unfortunately, the answer is far from simple. An assessment of the death penalty in India’s appellate courts during the last decade will demonstrate that a crime-centric approach has hindered any principled discomfort with the death penalty or the manner of its administration. In particular, the Supreme Court has faltered in high-profile death sentence cases (i.e., offences against the state and sexual violence cases), and its track record of commutations has very little to do with principled considerations on sentencing. This paper argues that the political and judicial imagination of the death penalty, as a necessary part of the response to crime, creates significant and unique challenges for the path towards abolition.
This article was first published in Crime Justice Journal: https://www.crimejusticejournal.com/issue/view/119

• Document type Academic report
• Countries list India

This article primarily focuses on how racial bias creates nearly ubiquitous racial disparities in the imposition of the death penalty; it does so both to amass further reasons McCleskey was wrongly decided, and to point the way forward. Part I provides the necessary foundation by summarizing the history of race and the death penalty in the United States, with a focus on the Supreme Court’s treatment of racial discrimination claims in capital sentencing. Part II, the heart of this Article, examines the multiple psychological mechanisms that create racially biased decision making in capital cases. Understanding those mechanisms further undercuts the Supreme Court’s reasoning in McCleskey and argues for overturning the holding. However, recognizing the reluctance with which today’s Court would view overturning McCleskey, Part III considers whether and how alternative, case-specific uses of the data described in Part II might ameliorate the influence of racial bias in capital sentencing.

• Document type Academic report
• Countries list United States

En 2016, Valentine Cuny-Le Callet entame une correspondance avec Renaldo McGirth, condamné à mort, incarcéré depuis plus de 10 ans en Floride. Au fil de leurs lettres, des images qu’ils s’échangent, des rares visites, naît le récit graphique de leurs vies parallèles. Le livre questionne avec une intense émotion la brutalité d’un système carcéral, et l’amitié qui surgit, depuis une cellule de 5m2.

• Document type Livre
• Countries list United States

“The penalty of death is more likely to be imposed on individuals who suffer from various disadvantages: poverty, poor lawyers, mental illness, intellectual deficits, for example. It also is more common among those with white victims compared to minority victims, those who commit crimes in jurisdictions that have previously sentenced more individuals to death, and those who committed their crimes in the 1980s or 1990s as compared to more recent years (see Baumgartner et al. 2018 for details). In this short report I focus on two particular disadvantages: age and minority status.” – Frank R. Baumgartner

Link to the article: https://deathpenaltyinfo.org/news/report-racial-disparities-in-death-sentences-imposed-on-late-adolescent-offenders-have-grown-since-supreme-court-ruling-banning-juvenile-death-penalty

• Document type Academic report
• Available languages

Shattered Justice presents original crime victims’ experiences with violent crime, investigations and trials, and later exonerations in their cases. Using in-depth interviews with 21 crime victims across the United States, Cook reveals how homicide victims’ family members and rape survivors describe the painful impact of the primary trauma, the secondary trauma of the investigations and trials, and then the tertiary trauma associated with wrongful convictions and exonerations. Important lessons and analyses are shared related to grief and loss, and healing and repair. Using restorative justice practices to develop and deliver healing retreats for survivors also expands the practice of restorative justice. Finally, policy reforms aimed at preventing, mitigating, and repairing the harms of wrongful convictions is covered.

• Document type Book
• Countries list United States

The present report provides information on the implementation of General Assembly resolution 75/183. It discusses developments towards the abolition of the death penalty and the establishment of moratoriums on executions and highlights trends in the use of the death penalty, including the application of international standards relating to the protection of the rights of those facing the death penalty. The report discusses conditions of detention for persons on death row, the application of the death penalty to foreign nationals, its disproportionate and discriminatory application to women, its disproportionate impact on poor and economically vulnerable individuals, its discriminatory use relating to persons exercising their human rights, and various initiatives for advancing its abolition. The report welcomes progress made towards universal abolition in States representing different legal systems, traditions, cultures and religious backgrounds. It concludes that all measures aimed towards limiting the application of the death penalty constitute progress in the protection of the right to life.

• Document type United Nations report

To mark the fortieth anniversary of the establishment of the mandate on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions, the Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions, Morris Tidball-Binz, offers a reflection from a historical perspective on the establishment of the mandate and the subsequent evolution of its working methods. He retraces the development of international standards and guidelines elaborated with the substantial contribution and support of the various mandate holders. The report also contains an analysis of the question of the death penalty from the perspective of whether it is compatible with the absolute prohibition of torture or other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment and recommendations aimed at ensuring the protection of the right to life, as guaranteed under international human rights instruments.

• Document type United Nations report

World Day 2022 Poster in Turkish – ÖLÜM CEZASI: İŞKENCEYLE DÖŞELI BIR YOLDUR

• Document type World Coalition

Pursuant to Human Rights Council decision 18/117, the present report is submitted to update previous reports on the question of the death penalty. In the report, the Secretary-General reaffirms the trend towards the universal abolition of the death penalty and highlights initiatives limiting its use and implementing the safeguards guaranteeing the protection of the rights of those facing this severe penalty. A minority of States continued to use the death penalty. Pursuant to Council resolution 22/11, the report also includes information on the human rights of children of parents sentenced to the death penalty or executed.

• Document type United Nations report

“The President, his administration and Congress must recognize that respect for human dignity and retention of the death penalty are incompatible; that respect for the rule of law must include international human rights law guaranteeing protection of the rights of those facing the death penalty; that upholding universal rights must include upholding the right of everyone to life and freedom from cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment; and that making international institutions stronger must include implementing the conclusions of UN human rights treaty bodies,”

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list United States

1. The Committee last reviewed the United States’ compliance with the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination in 2014. Among the 2014 Concluding Observations are two recommendations relevant to this Report. 2. The Committee stated that it “remain[ed] concerned that members of racial and ethnic minorities, particularly African Americans, continue to be disproportionately arrested, incarcerated and subjected to harsher sentences, including life imprisonment without parole and the death penalty.” Among other things, the Committee encouraged “[a]mending laws and policies leading to racially disparate impacts in the criminal justice system … and implementing effective national strategies or plans of action aimed at eliminating structural discrimination.” The Committee specifically encouraged “[i]mposing a moratorium on the death penalty, at the federal level, with a view to abolishing the death penalty.”1 3. The Committee also commented on “the ongoing challenges faced by indigent persons belonging to racial and ethnic minorities to access legal counsel in criminal proceedings in practice.” The Committee encouraged the adoption of “all necessary measures to eliminate the disproportionate impact of systemic inadequacies in criminal defence programmes on indigent defendants belonging to racial and ethnic minorities, including by improving the quality of legal representation provided to indigent defendants.”2 4. This report addresses the United States’ compliance with its human rights obligations under the Convention with regard to the death penalty, including with respect to those areas identified in the Committee’s 2014 Concluding Observations as described above.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list United States

The Government of the Philippines has taken commendable steps toward protecting and promoting the rights of women overseas Filipino workers (OFWs), but those workers remain vulnerable to exploitation and abuse, and when they come into conflict with the law in their host countries, their vulnerabilities are compounded by linguistic and legal barriers, as well as judicial systems which fail to account for the gendered context in which they allegedly committed criminal acts. The Government of the Philippines should do more to ensure protection of the rights of these women OFWs, particularly when they are at risk of being sentenced to death.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list Philippines
• Themes list Women

Tunisia carried out its last execution in 1991, over 30 years ago. Despite this de facto moratorium on executions, Tunisian courts continue to sentence people to death. Courts sentence people to death every year for a variety of crimes, especially terrorism. The current administration is undoing many of the positive changes to the Tunisian judicial system brought about by the 2011 revolution, and public opinion is divided over whether to move forward with abolition, maintain the status quo, or even resume executions, a course of action that some politicians and officials within the government support. Tunisia continues to support the UN resolutions aiming to establish a global moratorium on executions but has refused to ratify the Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.

This report recommends that Tunisia maintain its commitment to the UN moratorium and move to ratify the Second Optional Protocol, while also working to restore the independence of its judiciary and reducing the total number of crimes punishable by death in the short term. In the long-term Tunisia should completely and unconditionally abolish the death penalty.

• Document type NGO report / World Coalition
• Countries list Tunisia
• Themes list Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment and Punishment

This report addresses the Maldives’ compliance with its human rights obligations with respect to the death penalty. Despite its long-standing, de facto moratorium on executions, the Maldives sentenced two people to death in 2019, after sentencing no one to death in 2018.[1] At the end of 2019, there were 19 people on death row in the Maldives – three of whom had exhausted their appeals and five of whom were juveniles when the crime was committed.[2] The Maldives sentenced another individual to death in 2022, which represented the first time the country sentenced a foreign national to death.[3] The continued use of the death penalty in sentencing is particularly concerning given evidence of due process violations, including the use of torture to obtain confessions, the lack of effective and accessible complaint mechanisms for detained individuals, the lack of an independent judiciary, and the use of the death penalty as a sentence for crimes committed by juveniles.

• Document type NGO report / World Coalition
• Countries list Maldives
• Themes list Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment and Punishment

This report addresses Ethiopia’s compliance with its human rights obligations with regard to the death penalty. Although there are currently at least 147 people on death row in Ethiopia, the country has not carried out any executions during the reporting period and has also pardoned and released 41 additional death row inmates since that time.[1] The Federal Supreme Court of Ethiopia has also issued sentencing guidelines that purport to further reduce the likelihood of persons being sentenced to death as a punishment for their crimes.[2] Nonetheless, Ethiopia has not taken concrete steps to reduce the number of crimes eligible for the death penalty, and the use of torture and other due process violations related to judicial proceedings render all death sentences arbitrary.

• Document type NGO report / World Coalition
• Countries list Ethiopia

The State of Palestine on 1 April 2014 ratified the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment. On 28 December 2017, the State of Palestine signed the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment. On 18 March 2019, the State of Palestine also ratified the Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), which aims to abolish the death penalty. The State of Palestine has not yet abolished the death penalty. Indeed-as described herein-the 14 June 2007 split in power between the Palestinian Authority in Ramallah in the West Bank under President Abbas, and the Hamas movement in Gaza, has been followed by many documented executions in Gaza without the requisite signature of President Abbas, and Gazan military courts conduct trials of civilians, where they can be sentenced to death.

This report considers the prevalence of torture and other issues ancillary to the death penalty itself: confessions under torture or degrading treatment, due process, access to legal counsel, death-row conditions, and methods of execution.

• Document type NGO report / World Coalition
• Countries list State of Palestine

On June 29, 1972, the United States Supreme Court decided Furman v. Georgia, striking down all existing death penalty laws in the United States and ushering in the modern era of the U.S. death penalty. In the decades that followed—as jurisdictions revised their death-sentencing procedures in response to the Supreme Court’s rulings on capital punishment—thousands of people were sentenced to death.

The Death Penalty Census is DPIC’s effort to identify and document every death sentence imposed in the U.S. since Furman. The census captures more than 9,700 death sentences imposed between the Supreme Court’s issuance of the Furman ruling and January 1, 2021. These sentences were imposed in 1,280 counties across 40 states, as well as by the federal government and the U.S. Military.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list United States

A Death Penalty Information Center Analysis of 185 Death-Row Exonerations Shows Most Wrongful Convictions Are Not Merely Accidental.

• Document type NGO report
• Countries list United States
• Themes list Innocence

This is a report about the role of official misconduct in the conviction of innocent people. We
discuss cases that are listed in the National Registry of Exonerations, an ongoing online archive
that includes all known exonerations in the United States since 1989, 2,663 as of this writing.
This Report describes official misconduct in the first 2,400 exonerations in the Registry, those
posted by February 27, 2019

• Document type Academic report
• Themes list Innocence

Supreme Court rhetoric, scholarly discussion, blackletter law, and ethical rules have perpetuated a myth that individual rights protect the autonomy of defendants within the criminal legal system. To expose this myth, I examine six rights that the Court has enshrined as essential decision points for criminal defendants due to the rights’ purported expressive and consequential functions: (1) the right to self-representation; (2) the right to plead guilty; (3) the right to waive a jury; (4) the right to testify; (5) the right to waive appeals; and (6) the right to maintain innocence at a capital trial. I conclude that each of these rights fails to protect defendant autonomy.

I then argue that genuine displays of autonomy under the criminal legal system take the form of resistance to the law, legal advocates, and the legal system. Thus, the autonomy of criminal defendants occurs not because of law but in spite of it. As such, scholarly discussions of the personal autonomy of criminal defendants should focus not on rights and rules but on acts of resistance. The current autonomy rights discourse is harmful because it obscures the system’s defects by framing discussions around individual rights instead of structural limitations. This lends itself to solutions involving procedural tinkering to better actualize individual rights instead of radical structural reform or abolition. By obscuring these structural defects and stressing the system’s protective qualities, the autonomy rights discourse presents the system not only as legitimate, but as functional, and potentially even successful. As such, a new scholarly frame is warranted: autonomy as resistance to law and the legal system. By illuminating the ways in which autonomy in the criminal legal system resembles autonomy under the American institution of slavery, the autonomy as resistance frame exposes the need for radical structural change and facilitates a reimagining of the criminal legal system.

• Document type Article
• Countries list United States

• Document type التحالف العالمي
• Available languages Leaflet - World Day 2022Brochure - Journée mondiale 2022

Este kit de ratificación está destinado a los encargados de la formulación de políticas y proporciona el procedimiento de ratificación y los argumentos para convencer al gobierno de que adopte el Segundo Protocolo Facultativo del Pacto Internacional de Derechos Civiles y Políticos, destinado a abolir la pena de muerte. Por lo general, los gobiernos no conocen a fondo el Protocolo Americano. Este material puede contener respuestas a las preguntas que se le harán durante sus esfuerzos de cabildeo.

• Document type Coalición mundial / Lobbying
• Countries list Sierra Leone
• Available languages Ratification Kit - Sierra Leone

Esta carpeta de ratificación está dirigida a los encargados de la formulación de políticas y proporciona el procedimiento de ratificación y los argumentos para convencer al gobierno de que adopte el Segundo Protocolo Facultativo del Pacto Internacional de Derechos Civiles y Políticos, destinado a abolir la pena de muerte. Por lo general, los gobiernos no conocen a fondo el Protocolo Americano. Este material puede contener respuestas a las preguntas que se le harán durante sus esfuerzos de cabildeo.

• Document type Lobbying
• Countries list Burkina Faso
• Available languages Ratification Kit - Burkina FasoKit de ratification - Burkina Faso

Ce kit de ratification est à destination des décideur·e·s politiques et donne la procédure de ratification ainsi que les arguments pour convaincre le gouvernement d’adopter le Protocole facultatif se rapportant au Pacte international relatif aux droits civils et politiques, visant à abolir la peine de mort. Les gouvernements n’ont habituellement pas de connaissances approfondies du Protocole. Ce matériel peut contenir des réponses aux questions qui vous seront adressées lors de vos actions de lobbying.

• Document type Lobby
• Countries list Burkina Faso
• Available languages Ratification Kit - Burkina FasoKit de Ratificación - Burkina Faso

Este kit de ratificación está destinado a los encargados de la formulación de políticas y proporciona el procedimiento de ratificación y los argumentos para convencer al gobierno de que adopte el Segundo Protocolo Facultativo del Pacto Internacional de Derechos Civiles y Políticos, destinado a abolir la pena de muerte. Por lo general, los gobiernos no conocen a fondo el Protocolo Americano. Este material puede contener respuestas a las preguntas que se le harán durante sus esfuerzos de cabildeo.

• Document type Lobbying
• Countries list Burundi
• Available languages Ratification Kit - BurundiKit de ratification - Burundi

Este kit de ratificación se dirige al gobierno y parlamento. Indica el procedimiento para ratificar o adherirse al Protocolo y argumentos para convencer al país. Es posible que los gobiernos no tienen un conocimiento experto del Segundo Protocolo Facultativo. Este documento puede contener las respuestas a las preocupaciones del gobierno que será dirigido a los ONG durante sus acciones de lobby.

• Document type Informe académico
• Countries list Samoa
• Themes list El derecho internacional,
• Available languages Ratification Kit - SamoaKit de ratification - Samoa

Este kit de ratificación está destinado a los encargados de la formulación de políticas y proporciona el procedimiento de ratificación y los argumentos para convencer al gobierno de que adopte el Segundo Protocolo Facultativo del Pacto Internacional de Derechos Civiles y Políticos, destinado a abolir la pena de muerte. Por lo general, los gobiernos no conocen a fondo el Protocolo Americano. Este material puede contener respuestas a las preguntas que se le harán durante sus esfuerzos de cabildeo.

• Document type Lobbying
• Countries list Côte d'Ivoire
• Available languages Ratification Kit - Côte d'IvoireKit de ratification - Côte d'Ivoire

Este kit de ratificación está destinado a los encargados de la formulación de políticas y proporciona el procedimiento de ratificación y los argumentos para convencer al gobierno de que adopte el Segundo Protocolo Facultativo del Pacto Internacional de Derechos Civiles y Políticos, destinado a abolir la pena de muerte. Por lo general, los gobiernos no conocen a fondo el Protocolo Americano. Este material puede contener respuestas a las preguntas que se le harán durante sus esfuerzos de cabildeo.

• Document type Lobbying
• Countries list Congo
• Available languages Ratification Kit - CongoKit de ratification - Congo

Este kit de ratificación está destinado a los encargados de la formulación de políticas y proporciona el procedimiento de ratificación y los argumentos para convencer al gobierno de que adopte el Segundo Protocolo Facultativo del Pacto Internacional de Derechos Civiles y Políticos, destinado a abolir la pena de muerte. Por lo general, los gobiernos no conocen a fondo el Protocolo Americano. Este material puede contener respuestas a las preguntas que se le harán durante sus esfuerzos de cabildeo.

• Document type Lobbying
• Countries list Fiji
• Available languages Ratification Kit - FijiKit de ratification - Fidji

Este kit de ratificación está destinado a los encargados de la formulación de políticas y proporciona el procedimiento de ratificación y los argumentos para convencer al gobierno de que adopte el Segundo Protocolo Facultativo del Pacto Internacional de Derechos Civiles y Políticos, destinado a abolir la pena de muerte. Por lo general, los gobiernos no conocen a fondo el Protocolo Americano. Este material puede contener respuestas a las preguntas que se le harán durante sus esfuerzos de cabildeo.

• Document type Lobbying
• Countries list Guinea
• Available languages Ratification Kit - GuineaKit de ratification - Guinée

Este kit de ratificación está destinado a los encargados de la formulación de políticas y proporciona el procedimiento de ratificación y los argumentos para convencer al gobierno de que adopte el Segundo Protocolo Facultativo del Pacto Internacional de Derechos Civiles y Políticos, destinado a abolir la pena de muerte. Por lo general, los gobiernos no conocen a fondo el Protocolo Americano. Este material puede contener respuestas a las preguntas que se le harán durante sus esfuerzos de cabildeo.

• Document type Lobbying
• Countries list Marshall Islands
• Available languages Ratification Kit - Marshall IslandsKit de ratification - Îles Marshall

Este kit de ratificación está destinado al gobierno y parlamento. Indica el procedimiento para ratificar o adherirse al Protocolo y argumentos para convencer al país. Es posible que los gobiernos no tienen un conocimiento experto del Segundo Protocolo Facultativo. Este documento puede contener las respuestas a las preocupaciones del gobierno que será dirigido a los ONG durante sus acciones de lobby.

• Document type Lobbying
• Countries list Suriname
• Available languages Ratification Kit - SurinameKit de ratification - Suriname

Ce kit de ratification est à destination des décideur·e·s politiques et donne la procédure de ratification ainsi que les arguments pour convaincre le gouvernement d’adopter le deuxième Protocole facultatif se rapportant au Pacte international relatif aux droits civils et politiques, visant à abolir la peine de mort. Les gouvernements n’ont habituellement pas de connaissances approfondies du Protocole. Ce matériel peut contenir des réponses aux questions qui vous seront adressées lors de vos actions de lobbying.

• Document type Lobby
• Countries list Burundi
• Available languages Ratification Kit - BurundiKit de Ratificación - Burundi

Ce kit de ratification est à destination des décideur·e·s politiques et donne la procédure de ratification ainsi que les arguments pour convaincre le gouvernement d’adopter le deuxième Protocole facultatif se rapportant au Pacte international relatif aux droits civils et politiques, visant à abolir la peine de mort. Les gouvernements n’ont habituellement pas de connaissances approfondies du Protocole. Ce matériel peut contenir des réponses aux questions qui vous seront adressées lors de vos actions de lobbying.

• Document type Lobby
• Countries list Côte d'Ivoire / Côte d'Ivoire
• Available languages Ratification Kit - Côte d'IvoireKit de Ratificación - Côte d'Ivoire

Ce kit de ratification est à destination des décideurs politiques et donne la procédure de ratification ainsi que les arguments pour convaincre le gouvernement d’adopter le Protocole. Les gouvernements n’ont habituellement pas de connaissances approfondies du Protocole. Ce matériel peut contenir des réponses aux questions qui vous serons adressées lors de vos actions de lobbying.

• Document type Rapport académique
• Countries list Samoa
• Themes list Droit international,
• Available languages Ratification Kit - SamoaKit de ratificación - Samoa

Ce kit de ratification est à destination des décideur·e·s politiques et donne la procédure de ratification ainsi que les arguments pour convaincre le gouvernement d’adopter le deuxième Protocole facultatif se rapportant au Pacte international relatif aux droits civils et politiques, visant à abolir la peine de mort. Les gouvernements n’ont habituellement pas de connaissances approfondies du Protocole. Ce matériel peut contenir des réponses aux questions qui vous seront adressées lors de vos actions de lobbying.

• Document type Lobby
• Countries list Suriname
• Available languages Ratification Kit - SurinameKit de Ratificación - Surinam

Ce kit de ratification est à destination des décideur·e·s politiques et donne la procédure de ratification ainsi que les arguments pour convaincre le gouvernement d’adopter le deuxième Protocole facultatif se rapportant au Pacte international relatif aux droits civils et politiques, visant à abolir la peine de mort. Les gouvernements n’ont habituellement pas de connaissances approfondies du Protocole. Ce matériel peut contenir des réponses aux questions qui vous seront adressées lors de vos actions de lobbying.

• Document type Lobby
• Countries list Congo
• Available languages Ratification Kit - CongoKit de Ratificación - Congo

Ce kit de ratification est à destination des décideur·e·s politiques et donne la procédure de ratification ainsi que les arguments pour convaincre le gouvernement d’adopter le deuxième Protocole facultatif se rapportant au Pacte international relatif aux droits civils et politiques, visant à abolir la peine de mort. Les gouvernements n’ont habituellement pas de connaissances approfondies du Protocole. Ce matériel peut contenir des réponses aux questions qui vous seront adressées lors de vos actions de lobbying.

• Document type Lobby
• Countries list Guinea
• Available languages Ratification Kit - GuineaKit de Ratificación - Guinea

Ce kit de ratification est à destination des décideur·e·s politiques et donne la procédure de ratification ainsi que les arguments pour convaincre le gouvernement d’adopter le deuxième Protocole facultatif se rapportant au Pacte international relatif aux droits civils et politiques, visant à abolir la peine de mort. Les gouvernements n’ont habituellement pas de connaissances approfondies du Protocole. Ce matériel peut contenir des réponses aux questions qui vous seront adressées lors de vos actions de lobbying.

• Document type Lobby
• Countries list Fiji
• Available languages Ratification Kit - FijiKit de Ratificación - Fiyi

Ce kit de ratification est à destination des décideur·e·s politiques et donne la procédure de ratification ainsi que les arguments pour convaincre le gouvernement d’adopter le deuxième Protocole facultatif se rapportant au Pacte international relatif aux droits civils et politiques, visant à abolir la peine de mort. Les gouvernements n’ont habituellement pas de connaissances approfondies du Protocole. Ce matériel peut contenir des réponses aux questions qui vous seront adressées lors de vos actions de lobbying.

• Document type Lobby
• Countries list Marshall Islands
• Available languages Ratification Kit - Marshall IslandsKit de Ratificación - Islas Marshall

This Ratification Kit is designed for government decision-makers. It gives the procedure to ratify or accede to the Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty, and arguments to convince target countries to endorse it. Governments are not likely to have an expert understanding of the Second Optional Protocol. This document may contain answers to government concerns that will be addressed to you during your lobbying action.

• Document type Lobbying
• Countries list Burundi
• Available languages Kit de Ratificación - BurundiKit de ratification - Burundi

This Ratification Kit is designed for government decision-makers. It gives the procedure to ratify or accede to the Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty, and arguments to convince target countries to endorse it. Governments are not likely to have an expert understanding of the Second Optional Protocol. This document may contain answers to government concerns that will be addressed to you during your lobbying action.

• Document type Lobbying
• Countries list Côte d'Ivoire
• Available languages Kit de Ratificación - Côte d'IvoireKit de ratification - Côte d'Ivoire

This Ratification Kit is designed for government decision-makers. It gives the procedure to ratify or accede to the Protocol and arguments to convince target countries to endorse it. Governments are not likely to have an expert understanding of the Second Optional Protocol. This document may contain answers to government concerns that will be addressed to you during your lobbying action.

• Document type Academic report
• Countries list Samoa
• Themes list International law,
• Available languages Kit de Ratification - SamoaKit de ratification - SamoaKit de ratificación - Samoa

This Ratification Kit is designed for government decision-makers. It gives the procedure to ratify or accede to the Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty, and arguments to convince target countries to endorse it. Governments are not likely to have an expert understanding of the Second Optional Protocol. This document may contain answers to government concerns that will be addressed to you during your lobbying action.

• Document type Lobbying
• Countries list Suriname
• Available languages Kit de Ratificación - SurinamKit de ratification - Suriname

This Ratification Kit is designed for government decision-makers. It gives the procedure to ratify or accede to the Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty, and arguments to convince target countries to endorse it. Governments are not likely to have an expert understanding of the Second Optional Protocol. This document may contain answers to government concerns that will be addressed to you during your lobbying action.

• Document type Lobbying
• Countries list Congo
• Available languages Kit de Ratificación - CongoKit de ratification - Congo

This Ratification Kit is designed for government decision-makers. It gives the procedure to ratify or accede to the Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty, and arguments to convince target countries to endorse it. Governments are not likely to have an expert understanding of the Second Optional Protocol. This document may contain answers to government concerns that will be addressed to you during your lobbying action.

• Document type Lobbying
• Countries list Guinea
• Available languages Kit de Ratificación - GuineaKit de ratification - Guinée

This Ratification Kit is designed for government decision-makers. It gives the procedure to ratify or accede to the Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty, and arguments to convince target countries to endorse it. Governments are not likely to have an expert understanding of the Second Optional Protocol. This document may contain answers to government concerns that will be addressed to you during your lobbying action.

• Document type Lobbying
• Countries list Burkina Faso
• Available languages Kit de Ratificación - Burkina FasoKit de ratification - Burkina Faso

This Ratification Kit is designed for government decision-makers. It gives the procedure to ratify or accede to the Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty, and arguments to convince target countries to endorse it. Governments are not likely to have an expert understanding of the Second Optional Protocol. This document may contain answers to government concerns that will be addressed to you during your lobbying action.

• Document type Lobbying
• Countries list Fiji
• Available languages Kit de Ratificación - FiyiKit de ratification - Fidji

This Ratification Kit is designed for government decision-makers. It gives the procedure to ratify or accede to the Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty, and arguments to convince target countries to endorse it. Governments are not likely to have an expert understanding of the Second Optional Protocol. This document may contain answers to government concerns that will be addressed to you during your lobbying action.

• Document type Lobbying
• Countries list Marshall Islands
• Available languages Kit de Ratificación - Islas MarshallKit de ratification - Îles Marshall

أداة الذكرى السنوية لليوم العالمي العشرين لمناهضة عقوبة الإعدام.
تتتبع هذه الأداة 20 عامًا من النضال من أجل إلغاء عقوبة الإعدام. أعد اكتشاف الموضوعات المختلفة التي تم تناولها وإنجازات اليوم العالمي.

• Document type التحالف العالمي
• Available languages Anniversary tool - 20th World DayOutil anniversaire - 20e Journée mondiale

• Document type ائتلاف جهانی
• Available languages 2022 ملصق اليوم العال مWorld Day Poster 2022Poster Spanish – 2022 Día Mundial contra la Pena de MuerteAffiche Journée mondiale 2022Poster Russian 2022 - 20Й ВСЕМИРНЫЙ ДЕНЬ ПРОТИВ СМЕРТНОЙ КАЗНИPoster Chinese 2022- 第20届世界反死刑日

• Document type Всемирная Коалиция
• Available languages 2022 ملصق اليوم العال مWorld Day Poster 2022Poster Spanish – 2022 Día Mundial contra la Pena de MuertePoster Farsi 2022 - بیستمین روز جهانی علیهمجازات مرگAffiche Journée mondiale 2022Poster Chinese 2022- 第20届世界反死刑日

• Document type 世界联盟
• Available languages 2022 ملصق اليوم العال مWorld Day Poster 2022Poster Spanish – 2022 Día Mundial contra la Pena de MuertePoster Farsi 2022 - بیستمین روز جهانی علیهمجازات مرگAffiche Journée mondiale 2022Poster Russian 2022 - 20Й ВСЕМИРНЫЙ ДЕНЬ ПРОТИВ СМЕРТНОЙ КАЗНИ

• Document type Array

• Document type World Coalition

• Document type World Coalition

• Document type World Coalition

Outil anniversaire pour la 20e Journée mondiale contre la peine de mort.
Cet outil retrace 20 ans de combat pour l’abolition de la peine de mort. Redécouvrez les différentes thématiques abordées et les achèvements de la Journée mondiale.

• Document type Coalition mondiale
• Available languages أداة الذكرى السنوية - اليوم العالمي العشرينAnniversary tool - 20th World Day

Anniversary tool for the 20th World Day Against the Death Penalty.
This tool traces 20 years of struggle for the abolition of the death penalty. Rediscover the different themes addressed and the achievements of the World Day.

• Document type World Coalition
• Available languages أداة الذكرى السنوية - اليوم العالمي العشرينOutil anniversaire - 20e Journée mondiale

ملصق اليوم العال م / World Day Poster

• Document type التحالف العالمي
• Available languages World Day Poster 2022Poster Spanish – 2022 Día Mundial contra la Pena de MuertePoster Farsi 2022 - بیستمین روز جهانی علیهمجازات مرگAffiche Journée mondiale 2022Poster Russian 2022 - 20Й ВСЕМИРНЫЙ ДЕНЬ ПРОТИВ СМЕРТНОЙ КАЗНИPoster Chinese 2022- 第20届世界反死刑日